{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:29:17Z","timestamp":1747182557429,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Imag Rad Onc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lumbar foraminal stenosis is a key contributor to low back pain. Imaging, particularly MRI, is commonly used in the assessment of foraminal stenosis, contributing to treatment planning. The adoption of a standardised grading system to try and improve inter\u2010rater agreement is thought to be of importance. Our study aims to assess the variability of grading lumbar foraminal stenosis amongst reporting doctors, determine whether education about a validated grading scale increases agreement, and determine if these changes persist over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single\u2010site study involving MRI reporting registrars\/radiologists was performed. Participants were shown select MRI images and asked to grade the degree of stenosis in each on a 4\u2010point scale. Subsequently, they were educated about Lee et\u00a0al's grading system and asked to re\u2010grade the cases 1 and 6\u2009weeks later. The level of agreement was calculated using Gwet's AC1 coefficient and Krippendorff's Alpha.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The baseline level of agreement was substantial (AC1\u2009=\u20090.71). This decreased to a moderate level of agreement post\u2010intervention (AC1\u2009=\u20090.575 at 1\u2010week, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value 0.033 and AC1\u2009=\u20090.598 at 6\u2009weeks, <jats:italic>P\u2010<\/jats:italic>value 0.012). A grading of severe stenosis was 21% more likely 6\u2009weeks post\u2010education.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The baseline agreement at our institution was substantial, thought to be due to the single\u2010centre nature of the study. Moderate agreement was achieved after education regarding the Lee et\u00a0al.'s scale, in\u2010line with other studies, with changes maintained at 6\u2009weeks, showing retention of the scale parameters. Grading of severe stenosis was more common post intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.13669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T08:34:38Z","timestamp":1715762078000},"page":"511-515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Grading lumbar foraminal stenosis \u2013 Interrater agreement of radiologists and radiology trainees before and after education of a standardised grading scale"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8422-2096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Bender","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health  Geelong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobi","family":"Kojeku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health  Geelong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliza","family":"Preece","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Geelong, Barwon Health  Geelong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP-03-18-4525"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-016-1806-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2870"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-022-07147-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04949-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2016.1010.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.2772"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185116639766"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2463\/mrms.mp.2019-0079"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11336-007-9054-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2016.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2014.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200205150-00014"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1754-9485.13669","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]],"date-time":"2024-11-20T12:24:17Z","timestamp":1732105457000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1754-9485.13669"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1754-9485.13669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1754-9485.13669","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1754-9477","1754-9485"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1754-9477"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1754-9485"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-28","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}