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To study the microbial ecology of soils, and other microbiomes, biomolecules, that is, nucleic acids and proteins, must be efficiently and reliably co\u2010recovered from the same biological samples. Commercial kits are currently available for the co\u2010extraction of DNA, RNA and proteins but none has been developed for soil samples. We present a new protocol drawing on existing phenol\u2013chloroform\u2010based methods for nucleic acids co\u2010extraction but incorporating targeted precipitation of proteins from the phenol phase. The protocol is cost\u2010effective and robust, and easily implemented using reagents commonly available in laboratories. The method is estimated to be eight times cheaper than using disparate commercial kits for the isolation of DNA and\/or RNA, and proteins, from soil. The method is effective, providing good quality biomolecules from a diverse range of soil types, with clay contents varying from 9.5% to 35.1%, which we successfully used for downstream, high\u2010throughput gene sequencing and metaproteomics. Additionally, we demonstrate that the protocol can also be easily implemented for biomolecule co\u2010extraction from other complex microbiome samples, including cattle slurry and microbial communities recovered from anaerobic bioreactors, as well as from Gram\u2010positive and Gram\u2010negative pure cultures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.12979","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,19]],"date-time":"2018-12-19T12:10:27Z","timestamp":1545221427000},"page":"439-455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["A robust, cost\u2010effective method for DNA, RNA and protein co\u2010extraction from soil, other complex microbiomes and pure cultures"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Camilla E.","family":"Thorn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Environmental Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Bergesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Environmental Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aoife","family":"Joyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Environmental Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Sambrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Environmental Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"McDonnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Environmental Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Brennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environment, Soils and Land\u2010use Teagasc Wexford Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Heyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Benndorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7522-9158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florence","family":"Abram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Environmental Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2014.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2011.05011.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02506-5"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4084","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.64.10.4084-4088.1998","article-title":"Effective recovery of bacterial DNA and percent\u2010guanine\u2010plus\u2010cytosine\u2010based analysis of community structure in the gastrointestinal tract of broiler chickens","volume":"64","author":"Apajalahti J. 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