{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:38:05Z","timestamp":1772159885077,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molecular Ecology Resources"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Statistical methodology for testing the Hardy\u2013Weinberg equilibrium at X chromosomal variants has recently experienced considerable development. Up to a few years ago, testing X chromosomal variants for equilibrium was basically done by applying autosomal test procedures to females only. At present, male alleles can be taken into account in asymptotic and exact test procedures for both the bi\u2010 and multiallelic case. However, current X chromosomal exact procedures for multiple alleles rely on a classical full enumeration algorithm and are computationally expensive, and in practice not feasible for more than three alleles. In this article, we extend the autosomal network algorithm for exact Hardy\u2013Weinberg testing with multiple alleles to the X chromosome, achieving considerable reduction in computation times for multiallelic variants with up to five alleles. The performance of the X chromosomal network algorithm is assessed in a simulation study. Beyond four alleles, a permutation test is, in general, the more feasible approach. A detailed description of the algorithm is given, and examples of X chromosomal indels and microsatellites are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.13373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T10:38:07Z","timestamp":1615286287000},"page":"1547-1557","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A network algorithm for the X chromosomal exact test for Hardy\u2013Weinberg equilibrium with multiple alleles"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3900-0780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Graffelman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Operations Research Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of Washington Seattle WA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Ortoleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Operations Research Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Control and Computer Engineering Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.200390026"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Second\u2010generation PLINK: Rising to the challenge of larger and richer datasets","volume":"4","author":"Chang C. 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