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Here, by using the Illumina and PacBio platforms, we sequenced and assembled the whole genome of the mirid species <jats:italic>Cyrtorhinus lividipennis<\/jats:italic> Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae), which is an economically and ecologically important natural enemy in the rice ecosystem acting as a dominant predator for planthoppers and leafhoppers in the field. Through Hi\u2010C scaffolding, 1615\u00a0scaffolds with a total size of 338.08\u00a0Mb were successfully anchored onto 13 chromosomes. The assembled genome size was 345.75\u00a0Mb with a final scaffold N50 of 27.58\u00a0Mb. Approximately 107.51\u00a0Mb of sequences accounting for 31.10% of the genome were identified as repeat elements, and 14,644 protein\u2010coding genes were annotated. Phylogenetic analysis showed that <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>.\u00a0<jats:italic>lividipennis<\/jats:italic> clustered with other Hemipteran species and diverged from <jats:italic>Apolygus lucorum<\/jats:italic> about 66.7\u00a0million years ago. Gene families related to detoxification, environmental adaptation and digestion were analysed comparatively with other Hemipteran species, but no significant expansion or contraction was found in <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>.\u00a0<jats:italic>lividipennis<\/jats:italic>. We also observed male meiosis in <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>.\u00a0<jats:italic>lividipennis<\/jats:italic>, which showed a typical post\u2010reduction of sex chromosomes and a karyotype of <jats:italic>2n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a022\u00a0+\u00a0XY. As the first natural\u2010enemy genome in the rice ecosystem, the genomic resource of <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>.\u00a0<jats:italic>lividipennis<\/jats:italic> not only expands our understanding of the multitrophic interactions (host plant\u2013prey\u2013predator), but also provides a genomic basis for better understanding this dominant predator and therefore promotes sustainable rice pest management and food grain production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.13516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T09:26:30Z","timestamp":1632821190000},"page":"1086-1099","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Chromosome\u2010level genome assembly of the mirid predator <i>Cyrtorhinus lividipennis<\/i> Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae), an important natural enemy in the rice ecosystem"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6577-8177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yueliang","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Hainan Institute Zhejiang University Sanya China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhenmin","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 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