{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T19:25:28Z","timestamp":1761765928816},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,7]],"date-time":"2015-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovascular Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute heart failure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHF<\/jats:styled-content>) is a growing public health concern with high inhospital mortality and costs. Clinical practice guidelines, underpinned by positive randomized controlled trials, recommend the early use of intravenous (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>) nitrates in the treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHF<\/jats:styled-content>. However, the \u201creal\u2010world\u201d usage of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> nitrates has not been clearly defined. The objective of this study was to examine the use of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> nitrates in the treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHF<\/jats:styled-content> as recommended by clinical practice guidelines. A case\u2010record analysis was conducted of all admissions with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHF<\/jats:styled-content> at a large teaching hospital. Of the 81 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHF<\/jats:styled-content> patients (mean age 77\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011, mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content> 130\u00a0\u00b1\u00a027\u00a0mmHg) enrolled for this analysis, only 5 (6%) received <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> nitrates at the time of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHF<\/jats:styled-content> admission. Forty (49%, mean age 77\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011, mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SBP<\/jats:styled-content> 131\u00a0\u00b1\u00a027\u00a0mmHg) of these 81 patients met the guideline criteria for suitability for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> nitrates and only 5 (12%) of these received them during this admission. Patients who received <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> nitrates were more likely to have higher blood pressure and all had myocardial ischemia as a precipitant. Seventy\u2010five (93%) of the total population received loop diuretics on admission. Overall, this study shows that loop diuretics remain the first\u2010line therapy in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHF<\/jats:styled-content> with little use of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content> nitrates, despite recommendations from clinical practice guidelines.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-5922.12135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,16]],"date-time":"2015-05-16T08:25:32Z","timestamp":1431764732000},"page":"247-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Underutilization of <scp>IV<\/scp> Nitrates in the Treatment of Acute Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mohapradeep","family":"Mohan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular &amp; Diabetes Medicine Ninewells Hospital &amp; Medical School Dundee Angus UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Hawkey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular &amp; Diabetes Medicine Ninewells Hospital &amp; Medical School Dundee Angus UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Baig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular &amp; Diabetes Medicine Ninewells Hospital &amp; Medical School Dundee Angus UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Choy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular &amp; Diabetes Medicine Ninewells Hospital &amp; Medical School Dundee Angus UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chim C.","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular &amp; Diabetes Medicine Ninewells Hospital &amp; Medical School Dundee Angus UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/14.9.1158"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Heart failure in a district general hospital","volume":"26","author":"Parameshwar J","year":"1992","journal-title":"J R Coll Physicians Lond"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"British Society for Heart Failure.National Heart Failure Audit April 2012 \u2013 March 2013. 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Clinical guideline 187. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 2014; [Online] Available from:http:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg187[Accessed 17th February 2015]."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1005419"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp458"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1100171"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.12.1541"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60622-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","unstructured":"ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01870778 [Online]Available from:http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT01870778[Accessed on 16th September 2014]."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","unstructured":"ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01661634 [Online]Available from:http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT01661634[Accessed on 16th September 2014]."}],"container-title":["Cardiovascular Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1755-5922.12135","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1755-5922.12135","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T12:31:02Z","timestamp":1696336262000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1755-5922.12135"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1755-5922.12135"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1755-5922.12135","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-5914","1755-5922"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-5914","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-5922","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,7]]}}}