{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T15:35:33Z","timestamp":1781710533276,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,13]],"date-time":"2016-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1481587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovascular Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Heart failure continues to be a widely prevalent disease across the world, affecting millions of Americans annually. Acute heart failure (AHF) has a substantial effect on rising healthcare costs and is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. The search for new drugs for symptom relief and to improve long\u2010term outcomes in heart failure has led to development of serelaxin, a recombinant human relaxin\u20102 hormone. Relaxin was discovered in pregnancy, but eventually found to have a number of other physiological actions, not only in pregnancy, but also in nonpregnant women and men. The actions of serelaxin are primarily via nitric oxide, leading to the observed vasodilatory effects, and increase in renal plasma flow. It has also been found to increase expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)\u20102 and MMP\u20109. The antifibrotic and antiinflammatory effects of the drug also play a role in heart failure. In Phase II studies, serelaxin has shown reduction in pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and NT\u2010proBNP. The recently published results of the RELAX\u2010AHF, a phase III clinical trial on serelaxin, has opened new avenues into our understanding of its effects in heart failure. The trial showed improvement in short\u2010term dyspnea scores and 180\u2010day mortality, but, interestingly, failed to show any improvement of the secondary endpoints of death or readmission at 60\u00a0days. Ongoing Phase III trials like RELAX\u2010AHF\u20102 and RELAX\u2010AHF\u2010ASIA would explain these data better and improve understanding of the use of serelaxin in clinical practice. This article summarizes the most updated published preclinical and clinical study data on serelaxin, including pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, safety studies in hepatic, renal impaired patients, Phase II and Phase III trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-5922.12231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,13]],"date-time":"2016-10-13T16:20:22Z","timestamp":1476375622000},"page":"55-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Serelaxin in acute heart failure: Most recent update on clinical and preclinical evidence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Raktim Kumar","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine St. Vincent Charity Medical Center A Teaching Hospital affiliated to Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinjal","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramyashree","family":"Tummala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine St. Vincent Charity Medical Center A Teaching Hospital affiliated to Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somedeb","family":"Ball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine St Francis Hospital and Medical Center  Hartford CT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keyvan","family":"Ravakhah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine St. Vincent Charity Medical Center A Teaching Hospital affiliated to Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjan","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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