{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:16:48Z","timestamp":1753877808529,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]],"date-time":"2017-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505347200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Kakenhi Grant","award":["23602012","26460239"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23602012","26460239"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovascular Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic heart failure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHF<\/jats:styled-content>) involves fluid retention and volume overload, leading to impaired cardiac function. In these conditions, diuretic agents are most commonly used to treat edema and thereby reducing the volume load on the failing heart. There are several other beneficial effects of diuretics apart from their action on urinary excretion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify the effects of diuretic agents on adverse cardiac remodeling in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHF<\/jats:styled-content>, this study was carried out, where we have compared the effects of torasemide and spironolactone in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy induced by porcine cardiac myosin\u2010mediated experimental autoimmune myocarditis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiac protein expression levels of inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and fibrosis markers were upregulated in the hearts of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHF<\/jats:styled-content> rats, while treatment with either torasemide or spironolactone has downregulated their expression. The effect produced by spironolactone on cardiac fibrosis markers was comparably lesser than torasemide. Further, immunohistochemical analysis and histopathological studies have provided evidence to confirm the beneficial effects of these drugs on adverse cardiac remodeling in rats with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHF<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Torasemide treatment has benefits against adverse cardiac remodeling in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHF<\/jats:styled-content> rats, which was better than the protection offered by spironolactone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-5922.12283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,30]],"date-time":"2017-06-30T08:56:36Z","timestamp":1498812996000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparative evaluation of torasemide and spironolactone on adverse cardiac remodeling in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Somasundaram","family":"Arumugam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences  Niigata Japan"},{"name":"Department of Hematology Endocrinology and Metabolism Niigata University of Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences  Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Remya","family":"Sreedhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences  Niigata Japan"},{"name":"Department of Hematology Endocrinology and Metabolism Niigata University of Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences  Niigata 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