{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T04:03:48Z","timestamp":1779163428523,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,24]],"date-time":"2013-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Complex regional pain syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content>) type I is one of the most important problems with regard to physical medicine and rehabilitation. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content> may cause not only higher therapeutic costs but also greater work time loss. The mechanism and pathogenesis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content> still remains unknown. Some findings indicating oxidative stress have been reported. This study was carried out to determine the role of oxidative stress in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty patients (13 women and seven men) with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content> and 20 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Complex regional pain syndrome was diagnosed according to the modified <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>nternational <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ssociation for the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>tudy of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>ain (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IASP<\/jats:styled-content>) criteria. We evaluated demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients. Antioxidant enzymatic activities consisting of serum superoxide dismutase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOD<\/jats:styled-content>), glutathion peroxidase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GPX<\/jats:styled-content>) and glutathione <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010transferase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GST<\/jats:styled-content>) activities were measured using appropriate methods and compared with healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean age of the patients was 39.5\u00a0years and the mean duration of symptoms was 5.5\u00a0months. Complex regional pain syndrome devoleped after a traumatic event in 90% of patients. In 10% of patients there were no traumatic events. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOD<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> GPX<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GST<\/jats:styled-content> levels were significantly higher in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content> than healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.012, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.036 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.016, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest a possible role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRPS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.12140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,24]],"date-time":"2013-06-24T12:10:44Z","timestamp":1372075844000},"page":"156-158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Antioxidant profile in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type I"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Tuba","family":"Baykal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department Batman Regional Hospital Batman Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Buminhan","family":"Seferoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Ataturk University Medical Faculty Erzurum 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