{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T14:33:12Z","timestamp":1792679592241,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,20]],"date-time":"2014-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Carpal tunnel syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content>) is the most common form of peripheral entrapment neuropathy. The use of sonography for investigation and diagnosis of musculoskeletal conditions has been rapidly increasing over the past few decades. The purpose of this study was to determine whether sonography can be an alternative method to nerve conduction study (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NCS<\/jats:styled-content>) in the diagnosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with electrodiagnostically proven <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> and healthy control subjects were enrolled prospectively. Median nerve cross\u2010sectional area (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content>) and flattening ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FR<\/jats:styled-content>) at three different levels, proximal to tunnel inlet, at tunnel inlet and tunnel outlet, and flexor retinaculum thickness, were measured. Then, comparisons between ultrasonography and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NCS<\/jats:styled-content> were made.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed 180 wrists, of which 120 were electrophysiologically confirmed as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> diseased hands and 60 nondiseased hands in 90 patients (83 women and seven men). The mean median nerve <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content> at the tunnel inlet was 13.31\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.23\u00a0mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> diseased hands and 8.57\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.82\u00a0mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> in nondiseased hands. <jats:italic>Post hoc<\/jats:italic> comparisons between the diseased and nondiseased hands demonstrated that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content> at various levels of the median nerve were significantly greater in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> diseased hands than the nondiseased hands (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content> at the tunnel inlet with a threshold of 9.15\u00a0mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> gave the best diagnostic accuracy with a sensitivity and specificity of 99.2% and 88.3%, respectively. The difference in cross\u2010sectional area of the median nerve in mild, moderate and severe <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> was statistically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultrasonographic measurement of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSA<\/jats:styled-content> of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel inlet is useful in diagnosing and grading <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.12310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,20]],"date-time":"2014-02-20T17:29:47Z","timestamp":1392917387000},"page":"612-620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["The diagnostic value of ultrasound compared with nerve conduction velocity in carpal tunnel 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