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An unknown proportion of these patients will progress to ankylosing spondylitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content>). The increasing recognition of nr\u2010axSpA has been greatly assisted by the widespread use of magnetic resonance imaging. The aim of this article was to construct a set of consensus statements based on a literature review to guide investigation and promote best management of nr\u2010ax<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A literature review using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>edline was conducted covering the major investigation modalities and treatment options available. A group of rheumatologists and a radiologist with expertise in investigation and management of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> reviewed the literature and formulated a set of consensus statements. The Grade system encompassing the level of evidence and strength of recommendation was used. The opinion of a patient with nr\u2010ax<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> and a nurse experienced in the care of SpA patients was also sought and included.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The literature review found few studies specifically addressing nr\u2010ax<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>, or if these patients were included, their results were often not separately reported. Fourteen consensus statements covering investigation and management of nr\u2010ax<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> were formulated. The level of agreement was high and ranged from 8.1 to 9.8. Treatment recommendations vary little with established <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AS<\/jats:styled-content>, but this is primarily due to the lack of available evidence on the specific treatment of nr\u2010ax<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The consensus statements aim to improve the diagnosis and management of nr\u2010ax<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>p<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>. We aim to raise awareness of this condition by the public and doctors and promote appropriate investigation and management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.12358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,28]],"date-time":"2014-03-28T20:37:07Z","timestamp":1396039027000},"page":"548-556","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Consensus statement on the investigation and management of non\u2010radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr\u2010ax<scp>S<\/scp>p<scp>A<\/scp>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Philip C.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Queensland Diamantina Institute Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane Queensland 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