{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:03:16Z","timestamp":1774414996389,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]],"date-time":"2014-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study we have evaluated the antioxidant and antiarthritic activity of <jats:italic>Terminalia arjuna<\/jats:italic> bark extract (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TABE<\/jats:styled-content>) in collagen\u2010induced arthritis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CIA<\/jats:styled-content>) in rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Arthritis was induced in rats by intradermal injection of the collagen\u2010complete Freund's adjuvant emulsion. Right hind paw thickness was measured as a primary marker for severity of arthritis. Biochemical parameters such as tissue levels of superoxide dismutase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOD<\/jats:styled-content>), catalase, reduced glutathione (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSH<\/jats:styled-content>), nitrites and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TBARS<\/jats:styled-content>) were measured to determine the effect of treatment on antioxidant defenses. Articular elastase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELA<\/jats:styled-content>) level in the arthritic tissue was measured as a marker for neutrophil infiltration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>erminalia arjuna<\/jats:italic> bark extract administration significantly inhibited the increase in paw thickness induced by immunization with collagen as compared to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CIA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010control animals. Further, it attenuated the fall in tissue <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOD<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSH<\/jats:styled-content> levels and mitigated the increase in tissue nitrites and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TBARS<\/jats:styled-content> levels as compared to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CIA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010control animals. Tissue <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELA<\/jats:styled-content> levels, which were significantly increased in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CIA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010control animals as compared to normal animals were also significantly reduced by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TABE<\/jats:styled-content> administration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results of our study demonstrate the antioxidant and antiarthritic activity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TABE<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CIA<\/jats:styled-content> in rats. We believe that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TABE<\/jats:styled-content> could find clinical application in the management of rheumatoid arthritis and associated disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.12429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]],"date-time":"2014-10-07T13:29:15Z","timestamp":1412688555000},"page":"2079-2088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Amelioration of oxidative stress in the joint tissue may be the basis for the antiarthritic activity of <i><scp>T<\/scp>erminalia arjuna<\/i> bark extract"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Pravesh","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Toxicology Laboratory Department of Medical Elementology &amp; Toxicology Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haider 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