{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T09:25:42Z","timestamp":1789982742260,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,25]],"date-time":"2014-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1419465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2013GXNSFAA019135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013GXNSFAA019135"]}]},{"name":"Guangxi Province postgraduate scientific research and innovation projects","award":["YCSZ2014102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YCSZ2014102"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>Systemic sclerosis (SS<\/jats:styled-content>c) is characterized by immune abnormalities, progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs, and microvascular injury and damage. Interleukin\u201021 receptor (IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021R) is expressed in the epidermis from patients with SS<\/jats:styled-content>c. However, information describing the role of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021 in SS<\/jats:styled-content>c is limited.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We established a mouse model of bleomycin (BLM<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010induced fibrosis. The frequency of CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021+<\/jats:sup>T, CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021R+<\/jats:sup>T and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021+<\/jats:sup>Th17 cells in peripheral blood, skin and lungs of BLM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced mice were detected by flow cytometry; IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021 levels in the peripheral blood were evaluated by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>). CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>T cells were isolated from the spleen of BLM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced and control mice and cultured in vitro<\/jats:italic> alone or in the presence of mrIL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021 or mrIL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021 plus transforming growth factor (TGF<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010\u03b21. The frequency of Th17 cells was detected by flow cytometry; levels of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017 were evaluated by ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>, and the expression of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A and retinoic\u2010acid\u2010receptor\u2010related orphan receptors gamma t (ROR<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b3t) messenger RNA<\/jats:styled-content> were analyzed by real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Compared to control mice, the frequency of CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021+<\/jats:sup>T, CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>21R+<\/jats:sup>T and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021+<\/jats:sup>Th17 cells and the levels of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021 were significantly increased in BLM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced mice. The frequency of CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021+<\/jats:sup>T, CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>21R+<\/jats:sup>T and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021+<\/jats:sup>Th17 cells and the levels of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021 were correlated with dermal and pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. In vitro<\/jats:italic> analyses indicate that IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021 promoted the differentiation of Th17 cells from CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup> cells isolated from the spleen of BLM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SS<\/jats:styled-content>c as a Th17 effector cytokine, and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201021 may induce the differentiation of Th17 cells in the BLM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced SS<\/jats:styled-content>c mouse model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.12522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,26]],"date-time":"2014-12-26T02:44:12Z","timestamp":1419561852000},"page":"392-404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Elevated frequencies of CD<\/scp>4+<\/sup>IL<\/scp>\u201021+<\/sup>T, CD<\/scp>4+<\/sup>IL<\/scp>\u201021R+<\/sup>T and IL<\/scp>\u201021+<\/sup>Th17 cells, and increased levels of IL<\/scp>\u201021 in bleomycin\u2010induced mice may be associated with dermal and pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ling","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Yi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning 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