{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T08:35:03Z","timestamp":1778402103308,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]],"date-time":"2015-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1439164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders of the hand among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>) and their relation to disease duration, glycemic control and microvascular complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted at the National Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Genetics in Amman, Jordan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One thousand patients with T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content> were included in this study (mean age 57.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.5\u00a0years, 52.2% females and 47.8% males). Hand disorders were seen in 69.5% of patients, limited joint mobility (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LJM<\/jats:styled-content>) was the most prevalent (63.1%) condition followed by Dupuytren's contracture (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content>) (18.6%). Trigger finger, thick skin and carpal tunnel syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content>) were found in 7.2%, 6.2% and 5.5% of patients, respectively. One disorder was seen in 45.4% of patients, two in18.2%, three in 4.9%, four in 0.9%, while only 0.1% of patients had all disorders. Female gender, age over 60\u00a0years and long duration of diabetes were associated with hand abnormalities. Hypertension was significantly associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content> while retinopathy was associated with increased odds of thick skin, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTS<\/jats:styled-content> with <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010values 0.037, &lt;\u00a00.005 and 0.002, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hand disorders are very common in T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>. Female gender, old age, duration of diabetes, retinopathy and hypertension were significantly associated with hand disorders in T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.12617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,10]],"date-time":"2015-08-10T14:11:55Z","timestamp":1439215915000},"page":"730-735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Musculoskeletal disorders of the hand in type 2 diabetes mellitus: prevalence and its associated factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Khader N.","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section\u00a0of Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine Jordan University Hospital The University of Jordan Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yousef 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