{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T17:51:52Z","timestamp":1770486712318,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,21]],"date-time":"2015-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006445","name":"Uniwersytet Warszawski","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BST 1712 \u2010 2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BST 1712 \u2010 2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006445","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The main goal of our study was to investigate the relationship between age, duration of pain, pain intensity, temperament traits as postulated by the Regulative Theory of Temperament (RTT), social support dimensions and the level of trauma symptoms, as appear in post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of 300 patients suffering from chronic pain in two groups comprised of 150 patients with a clinical diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 150 patients with a clinical diagnosis of low\u2010back pain (LBP). They were analyzed together as a one group of 300 patients with chronic pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Temperament was measured with the Formal Characteristics of Behaviour \u2013 Temperament Inventory (FCB\u2010TI). Social support was tested with the Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS). The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS\u201011) was used to measure pain intensity. The level of trauma symptoms was assessed with the Post\u2010Traumatic Stress Disorder Factorial Version Inventory (PTSDF).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of our study suggest that the intensity of pain, participants' age, Emotional Reactivity and Sensory Sensitivity as temperament traits, need for support, and actually received social support were related to the level of trauma symptoms. The sum of the squared semi\u2010partial correlations showed that all six variables (age, pain intensity, Emotional Reactivity, Sensory Sensitivity, need for support and actually received support), account for 20% of the variance of general trauma symptoms level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The importance of temperament traits, social support and trauma symptoms should be taken into an account in psychotherapy accompanying pharmacotherapy for pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.12784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]],"date-time":"2015-10-22T05:54:06Z","timestamp":1445493246000},"page":"412-419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pain intensity, temperament traits and social support as determinants of trauma symptoms in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and low\u2010back pain"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Marcin","family":"Rzeszutek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Management and Finance University of Finance and Management Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W\u0142odzimierz","family":"Oniszczenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Schier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edyta","family":"Biernat\u2010Ka\u0142u\u017ca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ORLIK Outpatient Clinic Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Gasik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroorthopaedic Department Institute of Rheumatology Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Classification of Chronic Pain: Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definitions of Pain Terms (1994)","author":"IASP Task Force on Taxonomy","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2009.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2008.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370204701004","article-title":"PTSD and the experience of pain: research and clinical implications of shared vulnerability and mutual maintenance models","volume":"46","author":"Asmundson G","year":"2002","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181d9a80c"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(00)00071-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16506070510011557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291707001389"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(03)00031-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2012.687819"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.2478\/ppb-2013-0046","article-title":"Association between social support and temperament and the intensity of PTSD symptoms in a sample of HIV positives","volume":"44","author":"Rzeszutek M","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pol Psychol Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"256","article-title":"The role of personality traits in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)","volume":"24","author":"Jak\u0161i\u0107 N","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatr Danub"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712002632"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021806"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756\u2010185X.12473"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007831430706"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20809"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0094953"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1614-0001\/a000068"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","volume-title":"Temperament as a Regulator of Behavior. 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