{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T20:20:57Z","timestamp":1793132457583,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,2]],"date-time":"2016-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Vice-chancellor for Research, KUMS, and Iran"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n This study was performed to determine the effects of probiotic supplementation on clinical and metabolic status of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (\n RA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Sixty patients with\n RA<\/jats:styled-content>\n aged 25\u201370 years were assigned into two groups to receive either probiotic capsules (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 30) or placebo (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 30) in this randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial. The patients in the probiotic group received a daily capsule that contained three viable and freeze\u2010dried strains:\n Lactobacillus acidophilus<\/jats:italic>\n (2 \u00d7 10\n 9<\/jats:sup>\n colony\u2010forming units [\n CFU<\/jats:styled-content>\n ]\/g),\n Lactobacillus casei<\/jats:italic>\n (2 \u00d7 10\n 9<\/jats:sup>\n CFU<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/g) and\n Bifidobacterium bifidum<\/jats:italic>\n (2 \u00d7 10\n 9<\/jats:sup>\n CFU<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/g) for 8 weeks. The placebo group took capsules filled with cellulose for the same time period. Fasting blood samples were taken at the beginning and the end of the study to quantify related markers.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n After 8 weeks of intervention, compared with the placebo, probiotic supplementation resulted in improved Disease Activity Score of 28 joints (\n DAS<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201028) (\u22120.3 \u00b1 0.4\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . \u22120.1 \u00b1 0.4,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.01). In addition, a significant decrease in serum insulin levels (\u22122.0 \u00b1 4.3\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . +0.5 \u00b1 4.9 \u03bc\n IU<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n mL<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.03), homeostatic model assessment\u2010B cell function (\n HOMA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010B) (\u22127.5 \u00b1 18.0\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . +4.3 \u00b1 25.0,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.03) and serum high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010\n CRP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) concentrations (\u22126.66 \u00b1 2.56\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n . +3.07 \u00b1 5.53 mg\/L,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) following the supplementation of probiotics compared with the placebo. Subjects who received probiotic capsules experienced borderline statistically significant improvement in total\u2010 (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.09) and low\u2010density lipoprotein\u2010cholesterol levels (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.07) compared with the placebo.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Overall, the results of this study indicated that taking probiotic supplements for 8 weeks among patients with\n RA<\/jats:styled-content>\n had beneficial effects on\n DAS<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201028, insulin levels,\n HOMA<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010B and hs\u2010\n CRP<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.12888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,2]],"date-time":"2016-05-02T17:26:23Z","timestamp":1462209983000},"page":"869-879","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":205,"title":["Expression of Concern: Clinical and metabolic response to probiotic supplementation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Batol","family":"Zamani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Autoimmune diseases research center Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan I.R. Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid R.","family":"Golkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Autoimmune diseases research center Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan I.R. Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shima","family":"Farshbaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics School of Basic Sciences Shahrekord University Shahrekord I.R. Iran"},{"name":"Research Institute of Biotechnology School of Basic Sciences Shahrekord University Shahrekord I.R. Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Modjtaba","family":"Emadi\u2010Baygi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics School of Basic Sciences Shahrekord University Shahrekord I.R. Iran"},{"name":"Research Institute of Biotechnology School of Basic Sciences Shahrekord University Shahrekord I.R. Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Tajabadi\u2010Ebrahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Department Science Faculty Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central Branch Tehran I.R. Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parvaneh","family":"Jafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Science Faculty Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch Arak I.R. Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reyhaneh","family":"Akhavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan I.R. 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