{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T15:54:00Z","timestamp":1768319640659,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]],"date-time":"2017-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Vice Chancellor of Research of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Medical Thesis","award":["89630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["89630"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sarcoidosis is an autoimmune multiorgan granulomatosis disease with unknown origin. Some environmental factors such as viruses may induce the disease in genetically susceptible individuals. Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101) can dysregulate the human immune system and the role of this virus in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has been investigated and documented, such as in uveitis. In this study, we have focused on the seroprevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 in sarcoidosis in comparison to the normal population in the northeast of Iran, an endemic area for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study enrolled 125 patients with established sarcoidosis to evaluate the frequency of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and compare it with the normal population of Mashhad, Iran. Participants\u2019 blood samples were analyzed for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 antibody by an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay kit. Positive results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction method. Finally, data were analyzed using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPSS<\/jats:styled-content> 11.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among sarcoidosis patients 106 (84.8%) patients had a history of acute course and 19 (15.2%) had chronic sarcoidosis. Four percent of the patients versus 2.12% of the Mashhad population were <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 positive with no statistical difference (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.201). In age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched selected controls, 3.6% were <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 positive again with no statistical difference by sarcoidosis group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.52). There was no statistical difference between arthritis, erythema nodusom, uveitis, constitutional symptoms, abnormal chest radiography (parahilar lymphadenopathy) and computed tomography scan findings, respiratory symptoms, sex, the course of the sarcoidosis in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 positive and negative sarcoidosis patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frequency of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 in 125 sarcoidosis patients was 4%. In comparison with prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 in Mashhad, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTLV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 seroprevalence did not show any significant difference.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,10]],"date-time":"2017-02-10T04:26:59Z","timestamp":1486700819000},"page":"1309-1313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["<scp>HTLV<\/scp>\u20101 seroprevalance in sarcoidosis. A clinical and laboratory study in northeast of Iran"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Massoud","family":"Saghafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic Diseases Research Center School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Rezaieyazdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic Diseases Research Center School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shima","family":"Nabavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic Diseases Research Center School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Mirfeizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic Diseases Research Center School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Sahebari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic Diseases Research Center School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masoumeh","family":"Salari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatic Diseases Research Center School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X15591310"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"2805","volume-title":"Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine","author":"Baughman RP","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.236025172"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2004.022715"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2007.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06538.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"252","article-title":"Is there any association between human lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV\u2010I) infection and systemic lupus erythematosus? 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