{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T04:31:22Z","timestamp":1792211482875,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,8]],"date-time":"2017-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease. This condition has a documented association with the diagnosis of melanoma and can be induced in melanoma patients receiving anti\u2010neoplastic therapy. We evaluated a case series of melanoma patients who developed immunotherapy\u2010induced sarcoidosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three patients with melanoma (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1 resected Stage <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:italic> n<\/jats:italic> = 2 metastatic) treated with anti\u2010programmed cell death (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>)\u20101 antibody therapy at two institutions developed biopsy\u2010proven sarcoidosis. We used mass cytometry to determine expression of the relevant chemokine receptors (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells for two of the three patients who developed sarcoidosis and 13 melanoma patients who did not. Blood samples were collected before receiving <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 checkpoint inhibitor therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immunophenotypic analysis demonstrated abnormally high numbers of circulating Th17.1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCR<\/jats:styled-content>6<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCR<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCR<\/jats:styled-content>10<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>) cells prior to commencing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 checkpoint inhibitor therapy in five of 15 melanoma patients, including both the patients who developed sarcoidosis during the course of therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings support prior literature implicating Th17.1 cells in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. However, we demonstrate these findings in patients with melanoma prior to administration of checkpoint therapy and before the onset of clinically symptomatic sarcoidosis. The identification of elevated Th17.1 cells in melanoma patients who have not developed sarcoidosis may reflect the established association between melanoma and sarcoidosis. With some patients receiving these agents over a prolonged period, the clinical course of immunotherapy\u2010induced sarcoidosis is uncertain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,8]],"date-time":"2017-05-08T05:11:54Z","timestamp":1494220314000},"page":"1277-1285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Immunotherapy\u2010induced sarcoidosis in patients with melanoma treated with <scp>PD<\/scp>\u20101 checkpoint inhibitors: Case series and immunophenotypic analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6087-2826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna J.","family":"Lomax","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chris O'Brien Lifehouse Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen 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