{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:06:29Z","timestamp":1790661989694,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,5]],"date-time":"2018-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003669","name":"Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014\u2010E63002\u201000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014\u2010E63002\u201000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002456","name":"Chonnam National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRI13904\u201024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRI13904\u201024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002456","name":"Chonnam National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRI16039\u201022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRI16039\u201022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Renal responses to immunosuppressive agents in patients with lupus nephritis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content>) differ depending on ethnicity, follow\u2010up duration, disease severity and treatment. Thus, we evaluated predictors of complete remission during the first year following immunosuppressive treatment in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed 79 patients who underwent kidney biopsy prior to the start of induction treatment and who were subsequently treated with immunosuppressive drugs for at least 6\u00a0months and followed\u2010up for more than a year. Complete remission (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>) was defined as inactive urinary sediment, a decrease in urinary protein to a creatinine ratio\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.2, and normal or stable renal function. Multivariate analyses were performed using the logistic regression model to identify independent predictors of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 1\u00a0year, renal response was achieved in 39 of 79 patients (49.4%) treated with immunosuppressive drugs. Intravenous cyclophosphamide was most commonly used as a treatment, followed in descending order of frequency by mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine and cyclosporine. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with disease duration at the onset of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content>, serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate, chronicity index on renal histology, glomerular sclerosis, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and the use of hydroxychloroquine at the onset of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content>. In multivariable regression analysis, glomerular sclerosis in the chronicity index was a significant predictor of complete remission in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that glomerular sclerosis in the chronicity index is an independent predictor of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content> after the start of therapy in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LN<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,9]],"date-time":"2018-01-09T22:16:04Z","timestamp":1515536164000},"page":"458-467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Chronicity index, especially glomerular sclerosis, is the most powerful predictor of renal response following immunosuppressive treatment in patients with lupus nephritis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Dong\u2010Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Rheumatology Chonnam National University Medical School &amp; Hospital Gwangju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung\u2010Eun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Rheumatology Chonnam National University Medical School &amp; Hospital Gwangju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haimuzi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Rheumatology Chonnam National University Medical School &amp; Hospital Gwangju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji\u2010Hyoun","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Rheumatology Chonnam National University Medical School &amp; Hospital Gwangju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyung\u2010Eun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Rheumatology Chonnam National University Medical School &amp; Hospital Gwangju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Shin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Chonnam National University Medical School &amp; Hospital Gwangju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoo\u2010Duk","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Chonnam National University Medical School &amp; Hospital Gwangju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6810-7355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shin\u2010Seok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Rheumatology Chonnam National University Medical School &amp; Hospital Gwangju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V102413"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kev311"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2010.01290.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380218"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006090992"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.66027.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfv296"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20666"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03280807"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep346"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22562"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12212"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400928"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00443.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)90338-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21664"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201940"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21625"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfm245"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-8-199310150-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(12)80263-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203305lu2081oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1994.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1984.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.080793"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000410"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2016.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203312451784"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00357.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.101766"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/096120301678646137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203312437270"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","first-page":"373","article-title":"The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics\/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC\/ACR) Damage Index for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus International Comparison","volume":"27","author":"Gladman DD","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203302lu203ra"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21039"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203306lu2313oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3181f27e8f"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1756-185X.13254","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1756-185X.13254","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T12:53:16Z","timestamp":1695473596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1756-185X.13254"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,5]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1756-185X.13254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185x.13254","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-1841","1756-185X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-1841","type":"print"},{"value":"1756-185X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-01-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}