{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T12:31:31Z","timestamp":1782217891251,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]],"date-time":"2018-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>To test the validity of an augmented tuberculosis skin test (a\u2010TST<\/jats:styled-content>) combined with Quantiferon TB<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010gold\u00ae<\/jats:sup> (QFTG<\/jats:styled-content>) test for the screening of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI<\/jats:styled-content>) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA<\/jats:styled-content>) being considered for treatment with biologic disease\u2010modifying anti\u2010rheumatic drugs or targeted synthetic disease\u2010modifying anti\u2010rheumatic drugs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Method<\/jats:title>Standard TST<\/jats:styled-content> using 1 tuberculin unit (TU<\/jats:styled-content>) of purified protein derivative (PPD<\/jats:styled-content>, RT<\/jats:styled-content>23 strain) was carried out. If the positivity was less as compared to the general population, then a\u2010TST<\/jats:styled-content> using 10 TU PPD<\/jats:styled-content> was employed. Simultaneously, QFTG<\/jats:styled-content> test was also performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Using standard TST<\/jats:styled-content>, 6\/44 (13.6%), patients were positive compared to the reported figures of ~ 40% of the general population; 38 of the remaining TST<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative patients were then given an a\u2010TST<\/jats:styled-content> with 10 TU PPD<\/jats:styled-content>; eight of them dropped out. Of the remaining 30 patients, eight (26.6%) were positive. Another 70 patients tested directly with a\u2010TST<\/jats:styled-content>; 22 (31.4%) were found positive. Thus, of a total of 100 patients tested with a\u2010TST<\/jats:styled-content>, 30 (30%) were positive. In 54 a\u2010TST<\/jats:styled-content> negative patients, QFTG<\/jats:styled-content> was done; seven (13%) were positive. Thus, in combined a\u2010TST<\/jats:styled-content> with QFTG<\/jats:styled-content>, 43% of the RA<\/jats:styled-content> patients were found positive, suggestive of the presence of LTBI<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Combined a\u2010TST<\/jats:styled-content> with QFTG<\/jats:styled-content> testing gave 43% positivity among RA<\/jats:styled-content> patients, which is close to the reported ~ 40% Mantoux positivity in the general population. Therefore, this method for the screening of LTBI<\/jats:styled-content> in Indian patients with RA<\/jats:styled-content> being considered for tumor necrosis factor alpha treatment could be satisfactory for offsetting TB<\/jats:styled-content> flare. It may apply to other high\u2010burden TB<\/jats:styled-content> countries around the world.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]],"date-time":"2018-01-18T03:42:51Z","timestamp":1516246971000},"page":"1563-1571","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Screening for latent tuberculosis infection among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the era of biologics and targeted synthetic disease\u2010modifying anti\u2010rheumatic drugs in India, a high\u2010burden TB<\/scp> country: The importance of Mantoux and Quantiferon\u2010TB<\/scp> Gold tests"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9221-9506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anand N.","family":"Malaviya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology ISIC Superspeciality Hospital New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishal K.","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology ISIC Superspeciality Hospital New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roopa","family":"Rawat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology ISIC Superspeciality Hospital New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadhana","family":"Baghel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology ISIC Superspeciality Hospital New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravita","family":"Thakran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology ISIC Superspeciality Hospital New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qamar","family":"Zaheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology ISIC Superspeciality Hospital New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shriram","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology ISIC Superspeciality Hospital New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanjiv","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology ISIC Superspeciality Hospital New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10524"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10529"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"1473","article-title":"Immune status and risk for infection in patients receiving chronic immunosuppressive therapy","volume":"32","author":"Gl\u00fcck T","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3283025ec2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-8077.2006.00188.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39480"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","unstructured":"WHO.Guidelines on the management of LTBI. 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