{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T08:41:50Z","timestamp":1792226510173,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several studies have described sensorineural deafness in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients while conductive hearing loss has been reported to be rare. In our study we have studied the prevalence of hearing loss (HL) among AS patients and its association with non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drug (NSAID) intake.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied 100 AS patients and 40 controls. HL was defined as pure\u2010tone thresholds greater than 20\u00a0dB (decibel) in at least two frequencies of the audiogram. Severity of HL was defined as given by World Health Organization. Clinical details and cumulative NSAID doses were noted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety\u2010six of the 100 patients were male with mean age of 32\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012\u00a0years and mean duration of illness of 8.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06\u00a0years. Median Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI) and cumulative NSAID dose were 3.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.2, 2.75\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02, 3.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.6 and 1202\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01290, respectively. Of the 48 with HL, 28 patients had bilateral HL. Twenty\u2010nine patients had pure conductive HL while 16 had mixed HL (components of both sensory and conductive) and 3 had pure sensorineural HL. HL was mild in 38 patients, and moderate to severe in 10 patients. The presence of HL was associated with higher age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.05). Conductive HL was at low frequency (0.25, 0.5, 1\u00a0kHz) in 70% of cases. Sensorineural HL was at high frequency (4, 8\u00a0kHz) in 75% of cases. There was no association of HL with disease parameters such as BASMI, BASDI, BASFI or cumulative NSAID dose.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>HL is common in AS. Conductive HL is more common than sensorineural HL. It is usually mild and occurs at low frequencies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T02:53:30Z","timestamp":1557197610000},"page":"1202-1208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Hearing loss in ankylosing spondylitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9419-4093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sajal","family":"Ajmani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology &amp; Rheumatology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Keshri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurotology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurotology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2187-5186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amita","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology &amp; Rheumatology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3439-8048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Able","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology &amp; Rheumatology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199801)41:1<58::AID-ART8>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-005-1106-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740600904243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200007000-00005"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"485","article-title":"Ear\u2010nose\u2010throat manifestations of autoimmune rheumatic diseases","volume":"22","author":"Papadimitraki ED","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3182079866"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-007-0458-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215106004488"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-006-0249-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.rhu.0000158542.43099.35"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Sensorineural hearing disorders in systemic lupus erythematosus. 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