{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T07:07:43Z","timestamp":1750662463720,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,11]],"date-time":"2019-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010751","name":"Indian Rheumatology Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of healthcare resources by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients can be related to the presence of disease, comorbid conditions, use of steroids, and the combined use of immunosuppressants. This study evaluated the risk factors associated with infection and hospitalization in RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This multicenter, cross\u2010sectional study enrolled 3247 RA subjects fulfilling the 2010 American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism criteria to examine the prevalence of hospitalization and episodes of documentable non\u2010tubercular infections as a part of the \u201cKarnataka rheumatoid arthritis comorbidity\u201d study (KRAC). The study included 2081 subjects and 1166 were excluded due to incomplete data. Demographic, clinical and treatment variables were collected, and the events related to infections and hospitalization were extracted from the medical records. Comparative analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Around 22% of the subjects had hospitalizations and 2.9% had infections. Infections were pertaining to dental (1.3%), urinary tract (1.6%) and candidiasis (0.2%). Skin\u2010 and soft tissue\u2010related infections were found in 1.8% and 0.3% of patients, respectively. Increased need of hospitalization in RA patients was associated with advanced age (\u226560\u00a0years), lower education, family income, and longer duration of RA. Presence of comorbidity, usage of three or more disease\u2010modifying anti\u2010rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and family income influenced the likelihood of infection. Dental infections were less likely in working subjects and more likely in patients with increased disease duration, higher family income, comorbidities and those between the age group 40\u201059\u00a0years. Urinary tract infection was associated with DMARD usage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patient\u2010specific risk factors should be considered to improve treatment strategies and to reduce the risk of infection and hospitalization in RA patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,12]],"date-time":"2019-04-12T08:20:53Z","timestamp":1555057253000},"page":"1216-1225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Influence of disease duration and socioeconomic factors on the prevalence of infection and hospitalization in rheumatoid arthritis: KRAC study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2661-9840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Chandrashekara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ChanRe Rheumatology and Immunology Centre Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vineeta","family":"Shobha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John's Medical College Hospital Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Balebail G.","family":"Dharmanand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sakra Hospital Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Jois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kanva Diagnostics Centre Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharath","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia Asia Hospital Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kurugodu Mathada","family":"Mahendranath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Samarpan Health Centre Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vikram","family":"Haridas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arthritis Super Specialty Centre Hubli India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiva","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vikram hospital Pvt Ltd Mysore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yogesh","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Hospital Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manisha Ashwin","family":"Daware","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Narayana Health City Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anupama","family":"Swamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anurag Clinic Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramaswamy","family":"Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Clinic Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Srirama Attappa","family":"Somashekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bangalore Rheumatology Centre Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arun Madhanaghatta","family":"Shanthappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arushi Rheumatology Centre Tumkur India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. 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