{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T06:18:31Z","timestamp":1778048311706,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1558483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002924","name":"Federaci\u00f3n Espa\u00f1ola de Enfermedades Raras","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI11\/00400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI11\/00400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002924","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) are effective in controlling disease activity in spondyloarthritis (SpA). However, in a proportion of patients these treatments are ineffective or lead to adverse events. Recently, alternative therapies, such as interleukin (IL)\u201017 or IL\u201023 inhibitors, have emerged in the treatment of these pathologies. This study aimed to determine clinical and genetic predictors of non\u2010response to TNFi treatment in 118 spondyloarthritis patients diagnosed according to Assessment in SpondyloArthritis International Society\u00a0(ASAS) criteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>From the literature, 41 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected that had previously been associated with TNFi treatment response in spondyloarthropathies, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. A clinical non\u2010response was defined as a decrease of &lt;50% of initial Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) in axial involvement, or a reduction of less than 1.2 of initial Disease Activity Score of 28 joints\u2014C\u2010reactive protein (DAS28\u2010CRP) in patients with only peripheral involvement. Univariate and multivariate hazard ratios (HR) were determined using Cox proportional hazard models to analyze the potential prognostic factors affecting non\u2010response to TNFi treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The clinical factors that significantly increased the non\u2010response rate were: global visual analog scale\u00a0(VAS), CRP, BASDAI, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), and the number of TNFi used. Only rs11591741 SNP showed an association with non\u2010response. In the multivariate analysis, females had a non\u2010response rate 4.46 times higher than males; each one\u2010point increase in the BASFI index increased the non\u2010response rate by 75%, and being a genotype GG vs GC or CC carrier was associated with an almost 4 times greater non\u2010response rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We developed a clinical\u2010genetic model to identify SpA patients with a long\u2010term non\u2010response to TNFi therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T13:59:08Z","timestamp":1558619948000},"page":"1529-1537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Predictive clinical\u2010genetic model of long\u2010term non\u2010response to tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha inhibitor therapy in 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