{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T14:58:26Z","timestamp":1778511506663,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,9]],"date-time":"2019-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008235","name":"Peking Union Medical College Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PUMCH-6-1.5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PUMCH-6-1.5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008235","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81471615, 81102268, 81601430, 81302610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81471615, 81102268, 81601430, 81302610"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dermatomyositis (DM) is a heterogeneous disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. The aim of the present study was to identify the clinical subtypes of DM by applying cluster analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 720 DM patients and selected 21 variables for analysis, including clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and comorbidities. Principal component analysis (PCA) was first conducted to transform the 21 variables into independent principal components. Patient classification was then performed using cluster analysis based on the PCA\u2010transformed data. The relationships among the clinical variables were also assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We transformed the 21 clinical variables into nine independent principal components by PCA and identified six distinct subgroups. Cluster A was composed of two sub\u2010clusters of patients with classical DM and classical DM with minimal organ involvement. Cluster B patients were older and had malignancies. Cluster C was characterized by interstitial lung disease (ILD), skin ulcers, and minimal muscle involvement. Cluster D included patients with prominent lung, muscle, and skin involvement. Cluster E contained DM patients with other connective tissue diseases. Cluster F included all patients with myocarditis and prominent myositis and ILD. We found significant differences in treatment across the six clusters, with clusters E, C and D being more likely to receive aggressive immunosuppressive therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We applied cluster analysis to a large group of DM patients and identified 6 clinical subgroups, underscoring the need for better phenotypic characterization to help develop individualized treatments and improve prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T06:15:16Z","timestamp":1560147316000},"page":"1383-1392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Identification of 6 dermatomyositis subgroups using principal component analysis\u2010based cluster analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Huiyi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Ministry of Education Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chanyuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Ministry of Education Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Ministry of Education Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiuliang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Ministry of Education Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking 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