{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T02:21:09Z","timestamp":1770517269383,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,27]],"date-time":"2020-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pandemic coronavirus disease\u201019 (COVID\u201019) has pushed the global healthcare system to a crisis and amounted to a huge economic burden. Different drugs for prophylaxis against COVID\u201019 including chloroquine (CQ) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have been tried. This study was performed to systematically review the role of CQ and HCQ in preventing the spread of COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>PubMed, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies that evaluated the prophylactic role of CQ or HCQ on SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 (pre\u2010clinical studies) or COVID\u201019 (clinical studies) until 30 March 2020. The available literature was critically appraised.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 45 articles were screened and 5 (3 in vitro pre\u2010clinical studies and 2 clinical opinions) were included. The pre\u2010clinical studies showed the prophylactic effects of CQ and HCQ against SARS\u2010CoV\u20102. On the other hand, the clinical opinions advocated the prophylactic use of CQ and HCQ against COVID\u201019. However, no original clinical studies on the prophylactic role of CQ or HCQ on COVID\u201019 were available.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although pre\u2010clinical results are promising, to date there is a dearth of evidence to support the efficacy of CQ or HCQ in preventing COVID\u201019. Considering potential safety issues and the likelihood of imparting a false sense of security, prophylaxis with CQ or HCQ against COVID\u201019 needs to be thoroughly evaluated in observational studies or high\u2010quality randomized controlled studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.13842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,13]],"date-time":"2020-04-13T07:14:19Z","timestamp":1586762059000},"page":"613-619","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["A systematic review of the prophylactic role of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in coronavirus disease\u201019 (COVID\u201019)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3224-1151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanket","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Puducherry India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3153-4166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saibal","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Puducherry India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3207-4509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avinash","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital Jaipur India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5035-7396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Durga Prasanna","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Lucknow India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1518-6031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vir Singh","family":"Negi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Puducherry India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) Situation Report \u2013 64[Internet].2020.https:\/\/www.who.int\/docs\/default\u2010source\/coronaviruse\/situation\u2010reports\/20200324\u2010sitrep\u201064\u2010covid\u201019.pdf?sfvrsn=703b2c40_2. 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