{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:31:15Z","timestamp":1747182675625,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sejong the Great (May 7, 1397\u2010March 30, 1450), a king during Korea's Choson Dynasty, is the most respected historical figure in South Korean society, and consequently, many studies have been conducted on his achievements and the disease he suffered. The dominant trend of scholarship claims that Sejong suffered from diabetic retinopathy. However, this interpretation has not been medically verified. The present analysis aimed to demonstrate that Sejong's is the oldest documented case of ankylosing spondylitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>The Annals of the Choson Dynasty<\/jats:italic> (hereafter, <jats:italic>The Annals<\/jats:italic>) are daily records of the king. <jats:italic>The Annals<\/jats:italic> were recorded for 472\u00a0years (1392\u20101865) and contain 49\u00a0646\u00a0667 Chinese characters. Records in <jats:italic>The Annals<\/jats:italic> on Sejong span 1418\u20101450; the present study author reviewed these records.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sejong's medical records are mentioned 40 times in the source text. The king first experienced musculoskeletal pain in his knee at the age of 22\u00a0years. Sejong's knee pain is mentioned 3 times, and his back pain, which he described as \u201cstiff and immobile\u201d, is mentioned 6 times. He complained most frequently of ocular symptoms described as \u201cprickly or tingling,\u201d which are mentioned 12 times.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Based on the analysis of official documentation, the author argues that there is a high probability that Sejong suffered from ankylosing spondylitis, making this the oldest officially documented case of the disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.14025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,7]],"date-time":"2020-11-07T07:48:37Z","timestamp":1604735317000},"page":"203-206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Did Sejong the Great have ankylosing spondylitis? The oldest documented case of ankylosing spondylitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5335-9784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"JiHwan","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Konkuk University School of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13081\/kjmh.2017.26.147"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Korean History.The annals of the Joseon Dynasty. [Internet]. National Institute of Korean History [cited 2020 Jan 10]. Available from:http:\/\/sillok.history.go.kr\/id\/kda_11704001_001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Korean History.The annals of the Joseon Dynasty. [Internet]. National Institute of Korean History [cited 2020 Jan 10]. Available from:http:\/\/sillok.history.go.kr\/id\/kda_12304004_001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23644"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2014.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11207-005-5199-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2015.30.2.142"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2014.38.2.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d6044"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.075754"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700160133"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199504000-00022"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1756-185X.14025","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1756-185X.14025","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1756-185X.14025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T18:11:23Z","timestamp":1693678283000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1756-185X.14025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1756-185X.14025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185x.14025","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-1841","1756-185X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1756-1841"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1756-185X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-22","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-06","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}