{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T05:07:22Z","timestamp":1751519242378,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the relationship between interferon\u2010\u03b3 (IFN\u2010\u03b3), IFN\u2010\u03b3\u2010producing immunocompetent cells, their related cytokines, and the clinical features in adult\u2010onset Still's disease (AOSD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010five patients with AOSD before initiating treatment (acute AOSD), 9 patients after remission (remission AOSD), and 12 healthy controls (HC) were included. Circulating IFN\u2010\u03b3\u2010producing CD4+ and CD8+ cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and IFN\u2010\u03b3 production in NK cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Serum levels of IFN\u2010\u03b3, interleukin (IL)\u20106, IL\u201012, IL\u201015, and IL\u201018 were also measured. The obtained results were statistically analyzed with clinical findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum levels of IFN\u2010\u03b3, IL\u20106, IL\u201012, IL\u201018, intracellular expression of IFN\u2010\u03b3 in CD4+, CD8+, and NK cells were significantly higher in acute AOSD than in HC. The proportion of NK cells was significantly lower in acute AOSD than in HC. Serum levels of IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IFN\u2010\u03b3 expression in CD4+ cells were significantly correlated with serum ferritin levels. The proportion of NK cells had a significant inverse correlation with serum IFN\u2010\u03b3 levels. A lower proportion of NK cells was significantly noted in patients refractory to initial immunosuppressive treatment. In remission AOSD, serum levels of IL\u20106, IL\u201012, and IL\u201018 were significantly higher than in HC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased serum levels of IFN\u2010\u03b3, increased expression of IFN\u2010\u03b3 in CD4+ cells, and decreased NK cell proportion correlate with disease activity in AOSD. Moreover, a lower proportion of NK cells may be useful for predicting a refractory clinical course. Meanwhile, increased serum levels of IL\u20106, IL\u201012, and IL\u201018 may persist after clinical remission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.14171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T13:49:51Z","timestamp":1625838591000},"page":"1176-1185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The implication of interferon\u2010\u03b3\u2010producing immunocompetent cells for evaluating disease activity and severity in adult\u2010onset Still\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Takanori","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology) Shinshu University School of Medicine Matsumoto 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