{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:39:48Z","timestamp":1761514788236,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008792","name":"Novartis Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the burden of disease in Spanish patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) vs other European countries (OEC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from 2846 unselected patients from the European Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis (EMAS) and the Atlas of Axial Spondyloarthritis in Spain (Atlas) were collected through online surveys. Comparative analysis was carried out between Spanish patients (2016) and patients from 12 OEC ( 2017\u20102018). Socio\u2010demographic characteristics, life habits, and patient\u2010reported outcomes (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index 0\u201010, spinal stiffness 3\u201012, functional limitation 0\u201054, the 12\u2010Item General Health Questionnaire [GHQ\u201012] for psychological distress 0\u201012) were compared. Chi\u2010square and Mann\u2010Whitney tests were used for qualitative and quantitative variables respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>680 (23.9%) Spanish axSpA patients were compared to 2166 axSpA patients (76.1%) from OEC. Compared to Spain, the OEC group had a higher percentage of females (64.1% vs 52.5%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001) and university\u2010educated participants (51.7% vs 36.9%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). Spanish patients showed a greater diagnostic delay (8.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.7 vs 7.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.6\u00a0years; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001), visits to orthopedic specialists before diagnosis (56.9% vs 25.3%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001), human leukocyte antigen\u2010B27 carriership (77.1% vs 70.1%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.003), disease activity (5.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.0 vs 5.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.0; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.024), and higher unemployment rates (21.7% vs 9.2%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). Despite lower rates of diagnosed anxiety and depression, Spanish patients were at higher risk of psychological distress according to the GHQ\u201012 (5.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.5 vs 4.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.0; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to European axSpA patients, Spanish patients experience a longer diagnostic delay and greater psychological distress. Being wrongly referred to orthopedic specialists and facing a more precarious labor scenario appear as possible causal factors, highlighting the need to increase the number of rheumatologists, the training of healthcare professionals, and improving axSpA patients' working conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.14173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]],"date-time":"2021-07-16T05:05:06Z","timestamp":1626411906000},"page":"1127-1136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Benchmarking Study Evaluating Axial Spondyloarthritis Burden in Spain and Other European Countries. 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