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The post\u2010War father of modern arthroscopy, Watanabe, found rheumatologists among his early students, who took back the technique to their home countries, teaching orthopedists and rheumatologists alike. Rheumatologists described and analyzed the intra\u2010articular features of their common diseases in the \u201960s and \u201970s. A groundswell of interest from academic rheumatologists in adapting arthroscopy grew considerably in the \u201990s with development of \u201cneedle scopes\u201d that could be used in an office setting. Rheumatologists helped conduct the very trials the findings of which reduced demand for their arthroscopic services by questioning the efficacy of arthroscopic debridement in osteoarthritis (OA) and also developing biological compounds that greatly reduced the call for any resective intervention in inflammatory arthropathies. The arthroscope has proven an excellent tool for viewing and sampling synovium and continues to serve this purpose at several international research centers. While cartilage is now imaged mainly by magnetic resonance imaging, some OA features \u2013 such as a high prevalence of visible calcinosis \u2013 beg further arthroscopy\u2010directed investigation. A new generation of \u201cneedle scopes\u201d with far superior optics awaits future investigators, should they develop interest.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.14184","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T09:09:33Z","timestamp":1627549773000},"page":"1235-1246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Will rheumatologists ever pick up the arthroscope again?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4715-4384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert W.","family":"Ike","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Division of Rheumatology University of Michigan Health System Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0261-3102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth C.","family":"Kalunian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology University of California at San Diego San Diego CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2009.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa560"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","first-page":"669","article-title":"Arthroscopy or direct visualization of joints","volume":"13","author":"Burnam MS","year":"1931","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001130050018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0749\u20108063(86)80073\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Arthroscopy as a means of diagnosis and research: review of 80 arthroscopies. 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