{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:17:01Z","timestamp":1791231421997,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a chronic inflammatory breast disease of unknown etiology, and erythema nodosum (EN) is a rare extramammary manifestation of this entity characterized by reddish, tender nodules of the lower legs. We aimed to investigate whether the association of IGM with EN has a role as a prognostic indicator. There are few case reports, and only 1 original article including 12 IGM patients with EN has been reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present 43 women with IGM coexisting with EN and 43 with a diagnosis of IGM only, who were randomly selected from 610 patients for a control group. To the best of our knowledge, this paper comprises the first comparative study of the coexistence of IGM and EN to be reported in the literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings show that the association of IGM with EN indicates a more aggressive disease course. White blood cells, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C\u2010reactive protein were significantly higher in the EN\u2010positive group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05). Arthralgia, breast feeding, fistula distribution and recurrence distributions were significantly higher in the EN\u2010positive group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Since fistula distribution and recurrence rates were higher in EN\u2010positive group, association of IGM with EN may be an indictor of a worse prognosis. The present study highlights the importance of dermatological care. All physicians should not neglect questioning breast complaints in patients with EN since EN may be caused by IGM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.14218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T05:35:37Z","timestamp":1631511337000},"page":"1370-1377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis associated with erythema nodosum may indicate a worse prognosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Velidedeo\u011flu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Cerrahpa\u015fa Faculty of Medicine Istanbul University\u2010Cerrahpasa  Fatih Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4394-3976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Berrin","family":"Papila 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