{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T05:58:44Z","timestamp":1788328724208,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002836","name":"Chang Gung University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRRPG8K0063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRRPG8K0063"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate cardiovascular risk among diabetic patients with Sj\u00f6gren syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was a nationwide population\u2010based case\u2010control study from 1997 to 2013, in which the association between autoimmune diseases and diabetes was investigated. The study population consisted of individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes with macrovascular or microvascular complications with at least two outpatient visits or one hospitalization as the outcome variables, and the exposure variables included traditional risk factors, medications, and autoimmune diseases. The odds ratio of cardiovascular events among each prevalent autoimmune disease and hydroxychloroquine's effect on cardiovascular risk were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included a total of 7026 individuals with diabetes with microvascular and macrovascular complications and the same number of patients in the control group. Sj\u00f6gren syndrome was significantly higher in the diabetes complication group than in the non\u2010complication group (0.8% vs 0.5%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.036). By using multivariate analysis, we found hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and Sj\u00f6gren syndrome to be three independent risk factors for diabetes vascular complications (odds ratio [OR] 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.82\u20102.10; OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.42\u20101.64; and OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.06\u20102.65; respectively, all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Treatment with traditional statins and aspirin might be able to overcome the increased risk of developing cardiovascular events while comparing between diabetes patients with and without Sj\u00f6gren syndrome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sj\u00f6gren syndrome is an unrecognized independent risk factor for cardiovascular events among diabetes patients, which indicates that patients with diabetes combined with Sj\u00f6gren syndrome require closer follow up regarding cardiovascular complications in clinical settings. Treatment with hydroxychloroquine might not be enough to lower the cardiovascular risk significantly in diabetes patients with Sj\u00f6gren syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.14400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]],"date-time":"2022-08-02T12:11:02Z","timestamp":1659442262000},"page":"1176-1185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sj\u00f6gren syndrome is a hidden contributor of macrovascular and microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7274-3458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu\u2010Jih","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pui\u2010Ying","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Hsun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1235-0679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James Cheng\u2010Chung","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Internal Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000091257.27563.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diaclin.29.3.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.7.1605"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2019.09.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30051-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.IJEM_225_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dbi20-0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.99"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"e58","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk in inflammatory arthritis: rheumatoid arthritis and gout. Lancet","volume":"3","author":"Hansildaar R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1574887113666180314102651"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-019-1975-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S295847"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13424"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17018-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12442"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13792"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13387"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2042018814547204"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2014.909393"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13159"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13418"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e318214b6b5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keu451"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcz112"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.12589"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-157-10-201211200-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032582"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","first-page":"e1082","article-title":"2018 AHA\/ACC\/AACVPR\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/ADA\/AGS\/APhA\/ASPC\/NLA\/PCNA guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association task force on clinical practice guidelines","volume":"139","author":"Grundy SM","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21641"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39298"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23834"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39859"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","volume-title":"Latent Autoimmune Diabetes","author":"Rajkumar V","year":"2020"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.1831","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and autoantibody pattern in newly diagnosed adult\u2010onset autoimmune diabetes","volume":"123","author":"Paschke A","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pol Arch Med Wewn"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-017-0225-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24537"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","first-page":"190","article-title":"Association between primary Sjogren's syndrome, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"36","author":"Yong WC","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7292.977"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2012.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0518-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa549"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2019-001064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-016-0400-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13636-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-0555"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.03.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex357"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key167"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.09.022"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1756-185X.14400","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1756-185X.14400","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1756-185X.14400","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T10:28:10Z","timestamp":1727692090000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1756-185X.14400"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1756-185X.14400"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185x.14400","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-1841","1756-185X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-1841","type":"print"},{"value":"1756-185X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-07-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-08-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}