{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T04:46:04Z","timestamp":1785818764855,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663113600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate an association between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Epstein\u2013Barr<\/jats:styled-content> virus (EBV) and systemic sclerosis (SSc).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and fifty (138 female, 12 male) consecutive adult SSc patients fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)\/ European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) criteria were included in this cross\u2010sectional study. Serological analysis by line blot for class immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies against EBV antigen (EBV capsid antigen [VCA] gp125, VCA p19, EBNA\u20101, p22, EA\u2010D) and quantification of EBV DNA in whole blood by real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Class IgM antibodies against VCA gp125 (22.8% vs 0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0002), VCA p19 (55.7% vs 4.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), EBNA1 (35.7% vs 0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), p22 (24.2% vs 0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001), EA\u2010D (14.2% vs 2.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.04), and class IgG antibodies against p22 (95.7% vs 82.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.02) and EA\u2010D (54.2% vs 0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) reactivities were significantly higher in SSc patients than in controls. The past infection was significantly associated with the control group (42.8% vs 91%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001); and the viral reactivation was significantly associated with the SSc group (55.7% vs 4.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001). Only three (2%) out of 150 SSc patients were positive for EBV DNA, similar to the control group (2%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.9).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study shows a strong serological association of EBV (reactivation stage) with SSc patients in the absence of viral DNA in the circulation, indicating the EBV reservoir or tropism presence elsewhere.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.14440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,14]],"date-time":"2022-09-14T07:24:06Z","timestamp":1663140246000},"page":"1431-1436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Detection of <scp>Epstein\u2013Barr<\/scp> virus in systemic sclerosis patients: A molecular and serological based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Sanghamitra","family":"Machhua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER)  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8821-6652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shefali Khanna","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER)  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yashwant","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER)  Chandigarh 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