{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T14:55:12Z","timestamp":1793890512121,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714003200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the alteration of peripheral T and B cell subsets in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to evaluate their correlation with the progression of SSc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recruited 47 SSc patients and 45 healthy controls (HCs) in this study. Demographic and clinical data were then collected. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportions of 44 different T and B cell subsets in circulating blood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The proportion of total B cells (<jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.043) decreased in SSc patients, together with similar frequencies of total T cells, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells in both groups. Several subsets of T and B cells differed significantly between these two groups. Follicular helper T cells\u20101 (Tfh1) (<jats:italic>p\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u2009.001), helper T cells\u20101 (Th1) (<jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.001), regulatory T cells (Treg) (<jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.004), effector memory CD8+ T cells (<jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.041), and cytotoxic T cells\u201017 (Tc17) (<jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.01) were decreased in SSc patients. Follicular helper T cells\u20102 (Tfh2) (<jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.001) and, helper T cells\u20102 (Th2) (<jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.001) levels increased in the SSc group. Regulatory B cells (Breg) (<jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.015) were lower in the SSc group, together with marginal zone (MZ) B cells (<jats:italic>p\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u2009.001), memory B cells (<jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.001), and non\u2010switched B cells (<jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.005). The modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) correlated with helper T cells\u201017 (Th17) (<jats:italic>r\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2212.410, <jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.004), Tfh1 (<jats:italic>r\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2212.321, <jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.028), peripheral helper T cells (Tph) (<jats:italic>r\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2212.364, <jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.012) and plasma cells (<jats:italic>r\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2212.312, <jats:italic>p\u2009=<\/jats:italic>\u2009.033).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The alterations in T and B cells implied immune dysfunction, which may play an essential role in systemic sclerosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.15145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T12:34:04Z","timestamp":1714048444000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Alterations in peripheral T\u2010 and B\u2010cell subsets in patients with systemic sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2848-9410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jialing","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiujing","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiming","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ou","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieruo","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30933-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2018.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0806188"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(94)90290-9"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"The aetiopathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: thick skin\u2014thin hypotheses. 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