{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:47:28Z","timestamp":1793213248616,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010731","name":"Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["077\/2565"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["077\/2565"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions and thyroid autoantibodies in Thai systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and compare them with age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched healthy controls (HCs). Associations between thyroid dysfunctions and SLE disease activity, and associated factors for thyroid dysfunctions in SLE also were determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred SLE patients, without apparent clinical thyroid disease, attended the Rheumatology Clinic between November 2021 and October 2022, were enrolled into this study. HCs were matched to SLE cases by age and sex (ratio of 1:1). Clinical manifestations, SLE disease activity and medication received were collected in all SLE patients. Thyroid function tests and thyroid autoantibodies (anti\u2010thyroglobulin: anti\u2010TG and anti\u2010thyroid peroxidase: anti\u2010TPO) were collected from all participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>When compared with HCs, SLE patients had higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions, hypothyroidism and euthyroid sick syndrome (28% vs. 7%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, and 12% vs. 2%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.010, and 6% vs. 0%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.013, respectively). Prevalence of isolated hypothyroxinemia was higher numerically in SLE patients (9% vs. 3%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.074). Prevalence of anti\u2010TG or anti\u2010TPO was no different between SLE patients and HCs (16% vs. 18%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.707). There was no association between SLE disease activity and abnormal thyroid functions or thyroid autoantibodies. Family history of thyroid disease and prednisolone use (&gt;10\u2009mg\/day) were associated factors for thyroid abnormalities with adjusted OR (95% CI) of 6.13 (1.58\u201323.75), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.009 and 4.00 (1.37\u201311.70), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.011, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thyroid dysfunctions were more prevalent in SLE patients. Family history of thyroid disease and prednisolone use (&gt;10\u2009mg\/day) were independent associated factors of thyroid abnormalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.15195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T07:53:27Z","timestamp":1716191607000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions and thyroid autoantibodies in Thai patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: An age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kittiya","family":"Na\u2010Nan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai 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