{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T11:53:39Z","timestamp":1782129219226,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]],"date-time":"2024-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The burden of musculoskeletal (MSK) pain and disabilities is high in health facilities but remains unknown in the community due to a lack of community\u2010level studies. The community\u2010oriented program for control of rheumatic diseases (COPCORD) is focused on determining MSK pain and disabilities through epidemiological surveys. This study adopted the COPCORD stage I protocol to determine the prevalence of rheumatic MSK pain and disability and its associated factors in the Pyuthan district of Nepal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional community\u2010based study using the quantitative method was conducted in Pyuthan municipality as per COPCORD stage I protocol. COPCORD stage I (phase I and phase II) questionnaires were used to collect data through the interview technique. Populations aged 18\u2009years and above were included in the study. A multistage sampling technique was used, and the total sample size was 2145. The collected data from phase I and phase II were entered in Epidata version 3.1. Descriptive and analytical analysis was done in SPSS. The Chi\u2010square test was used to find the association between dependent and independent variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall prevalence (past and current MSK pain\/swelling) was 26.81% (95% CI 24.9\u201328.7). Current MSK pain\/swelling was found in 19.53% of the participants, and past MSK pain\/swelling was found in 25.87%. Among self\u2010reported chronic diseases, joint pain was reported by the majority of the participants (17.86%). Age, sex, education, nature of work, current smoking, tobacco use, and alcohol use were found to be associated with past and current MSK pain\/swelling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>More than one\u2010fourth of the participants had MSK pain\/swelling. The prevalence of MSK pain\/swelling was higher in elderly participants, females, illiterates, heavy workers, smokers, tobacco users, and alcohol users. Similar studies should be conducted in other regions of the country, and this study should also be expanded to COPCORD Stages II and III to identify the risk factors and to improve the management of MSK pain and disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.15236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]],"date-time":"2024-06-22T04:19:27Z","timestamp":1719029967000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Prevalence of rheumatic musculoskeletal pain and disability in rural Nepal\u2010 a cross\u2010sectional community\u2010based study adopting WHO\u2010ILAR COPCORD stage I: Phases I and II protocol"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2659-3425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudeep","family":"Adhikari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Pyuthan Hospital  Pyuthan Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5119-4082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Buddhi Prasad","family":"Paudyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine Patan Academy of Health Sciences  Lalitpur Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krishna","family":"Adhikari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine Patan Academy of Health Sciences  Lalitpur Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradeep","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine Patan Academy of Health Sciences  Lalitpur Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8282-3892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarkeshwor","family":"Mahato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine Patan Academy of Health Sciences  Lalitpur Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9575-3261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangeeta","family":"Bhusal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital  Bharatpur Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7176-7821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meghnath","family":"Dhimal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nepal Health Research Council  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3586-3610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bihungum","family":"Bista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nepal Health Research Council  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selina","family":"Siwakoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nepal Health Research Council  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janaki","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nepal Health Research Council  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradip","family":"Gyawali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nepal Health Research Council  Kathmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"Rheumatology: made in India (Camps, COPCORD, HLA, Ayurveda, HAQ, WOMAC and Drug Trials)","volume":"12","author":"Chopra A","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Indian Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ket222"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"COPCORD Website [Internet].http:\/\/copcord.org\/index.asp. 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