{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T08:20:32Z","timestamp":1768206032239,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012547","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023GXNSFDA026061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023GXNSFDA026061"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012547","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82060300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82060300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We employed two\u2010sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the genetic causal relationship between educational attainment (EA) and risk of five common connective tissue diseases (CTDs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Educational attainment (self\u2010reported at age \u226530\u2009years) was obtained from a meta\u2010analysis of years of schooling in 766\u2009345 participants of European ancestry from genome\u2010wide association studies (GWAS). A total of 1265 signals associated with EA were identified. Genetic data for five CTDs [rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), polymyositis (PM), and dermatomyositis (DM)] were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. Two\u2010sample MR analyses were performed separately for EA and the five CTDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We found a negative causal relationship between EA and RA (OR\n                      <jats:sub>IVW<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.627, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.537\u20130.732,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and SLE (OR\n                      <jats:sub>IVW<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.341, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.123\u20130.944,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.038). There were no genetic causal association between EA and SSc (OR\n                      <jats:sub>IVW<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.647, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.351\u20131.195,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.164), PM (OR\n                      <jats:sub>IVW<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.938, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.320\u20132.746,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.907), or DM (OR\n                      <jats:sub>IVW<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.754, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.351\u20131.619,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.468). None of the analyses revealed any horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings indicated a potential causal association between EA and RA, SLE, emphasizing the need for further investigation and potential integration of EA into clinical practice to enhance treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.15264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,17]],"date-time":"2024-07-17T06:55:23Z","timestamp":1721199323000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of education attainment and risk of connective tissue diseases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning Guangxi China"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Yulin First People\u2018s Hospital (The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University)  Yulin Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaolan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Yulin First People\u2018s Hospital (The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University)  Yulin Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengda","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Teacher Education, Hezhou University  Hezhou Guangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2221-7740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning Guangxi 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