{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T12:28:33Z","timestamp":1785932913652,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interstitial lung disease (ILD) resulting from connective tissue disease (CTD) greatly undermines people's health. Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is a widely used agent in treating CTD\u2010ILD. We compared the efficacy and safety of oral and intravenous CYC in CTD\u2010ILD treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The retrospectively enrolled CTD\u2010ILD patients were divided into the oral and intravenous CYC groups. The chest high\u2010resolution computed tomography examination, forced vital capacity (FVC), lung carbon monoxide diffusion capacity (Dlco) determinations, and 6\u2009min walk test (6MWT) were performed pre\u2010treatment and at the 3rd, 6th, and 12th months posttreatment. Radiographic ILD severity was assessed using the Warrick score. Krebs Von den Lungen\u20106, surfactant protein A (SP\u2010A), SP\u2010D, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) before and at the 12th month post\u2010treatment were determined. CYC cumulative dose and occurrence of adverse reactions during treatment were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>CYC cumulative dose in the intravenous CYC group was reduced. Compared with oral CYC treatment, intravenous CYC caused decreased Warrick score and increased FVC and 6MWT at the 6th month, and elevated DLco at the 3rd and 6th months posttreatment. SP\u2010A, SP\u2010D and ESR levels in both groups were reduced 12\u2009months posttreatment, with a more evident decrease in the intravenous CYC group. Intravenous CYC had lower total adverse reaction incidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with oral CYC, intravenous CYC decreases Warrick score and increases FVC and 6MWT at 6\u2009months posttreatment, and reduces SP\u2010A, SP\u2010D, and ESR levels after 12\u2009months of treatment, which shows low CYC cumulative dose and adverse reaction incidence in treating CTD\u2010ILD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.15354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T12:05:30Z","timestamp":1727784330000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy and safety of oral versus intravenous cyclophosphamide in treatment of connective tissue disease\u2010related interstitial lung disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yuan","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University  No. 569 Xinsi Road, Baqiao District Xi'an 710038 Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The College of Life Sciences Northwest University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xichao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Immunology and Endocrinology, Honghui Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University  No. 569 Xinsi Road, Baqiao District Xi'an 710038 Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University  No. 569 Xinsi Road, Baqiao District Xi'an 710038 Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3292-6630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University  No. 569 Xinsi Road, Baqiao District Xi'an 710038 Shaanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenbiao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University  No. 569 Xinsi Road, Baqiao District 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