{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T12:05:48Z","timestamp":1773749148344,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Since COVID\u201019 infections are more common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, most recent research has focused on the outcome of COVID\u201019, with fewer studies on disease activity in SLE. This research aims to evaluate flares in SLE with COVID\u201019 infection while investigating predictive factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information on patients with previously diagnosed SLE from multi\u2010center. SLE patients infected with COVID\u201019 after December 7, 2022, were selected. Detailed information covering demographic characteristics, SLE and COVID\u201019 clinical features, disease activity, and medication was collected through an electronic questionnaire. A multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to evaluate the predictive factors for SLE disease onset after COVID\u201019 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 240 patients were finally included in our analysis. Thirty (12.5%) of those enrolled reported an SLE flare. Multivariate analysis with logistic models confirmed that SLE in the active stage (OR 2.617, 95% CI 1.008\u20136.514,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.041) and COVID\u201019 duration (OR 4.140, 95% CI 1.412\u201311.694,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.008) were predictors for flare in SLE patients with Covid\u201019 infection. In contrast, immunosuppressants were associated with a low incidence of flare of SLE (OR 0.138, 95% CI 0.042\u20130.46,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.005).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The active phase of SLE and the progression of COVID\u201019 were the main risk factors for disease exacerbation in SLE patients, while the use of immunosuppressive medications was associated with a lower risk of flare\u2010ups. These findings provide valuable insights for managing SLE patients during the COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.15407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T06:14:04Z","timestamp":1737440044000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Analysis of related factors for systemic lupus erythematosus flare after\n                    <scp>SARS<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Cov\u20102 infection: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0722-5504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital  Taiyuan 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