{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T21:35:33Z","timestamp":1782164133053,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008792","name":"Novartis Pharma","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess gender differences in a large sample of patients included in the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis (IMAS) study from around the globe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IMAS is a cross\u2010sectional online survey (2017\u20132022) of 5557 unselected axSpA patients from 27 countries. The current analysis assessed differences between males and females for: sociodemographic, health behaviors, disease characteristics, patient\u2010reported outcomes, mental comorbidities, and treatments. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between gender and disease characteristics, patient\u2010reported outcomes, comorbidities, and treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 5555 patients reporting gender were analyzed: 3492 from Europe, 769 from North America, 600 from Asia, 548 from Latin America, and 146 from Africa. Globally, 55.4% were females, with higher proportions in South Africa (82.2%) and lower in Asia (20.8%). Compared to males, a lower percentage of females smoked and consumed alcohol. The diagnostic delay was significantly longer (+2.4\u2009years) in females, while the frequency of HLA\u2010B27 positivity of axSpA was lower in females. The use of axSpA pharmacological treatment was more common in females with a higher proportion having ever taken nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARDs), and biologic DMARDs (bDMARDS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Identifying the specific disease characteristics associated with gender in patients with axSpA may help to improve the diagnosis and management of the disease, and thereby reduce the disease burden for patients around the world.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.15433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T05:05:00Z","timestamp":1733807100000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Females With Axial Spondyloarthritis Have Longer Diagnostic Delay and Higher Burden of the Disease. Results From the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis (\n                    <scp>IMAS<\/scp>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Victoria","family":"Navarro\u2010Comp\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario La Paz  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9727-1189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Garrido\u2010Cumbrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health &amp; Territory Research (HTR) Universidad de Sevilla  Seville Spain"},{"name":"Spanish Federation of Spondyloarthritis Patient Associations (CEADE)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Poddubnyy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"German Rheumatism Research Centre  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Bundy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff University  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souzi","family":"Makri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cyprus League for People With Rheumatism (CYLPER)  Nicosia Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Correa\u2010Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health &amp; Territory Research (HTR) Universidad de Sevilla  Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shashank","family":"Akerkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mumbai Arthritis Clinic  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Axial Spondyloarthritis International Federation (ASIF)  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elie","family":"Karam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Spondylitis Association (CSA)  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Sommerfleck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanatorio Julio Mendez  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis\u20102021\u2010221035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.8.2.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"1900","article-title":"Sex Ratio in the Spondyloarthropathies and Its Relationship to Phenotypic Expression, Mode of Inheritance and Age at Onset","volume":"20","author":"Kennedy L. 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