{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:26:42Z","timestamp":1790087202884,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82160841"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82160841"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Macrophages, as participants of innate and cellular immunity, play an important role in RA disease. However, whether\n                      <jats:italic>Saussurea involucrata<\/jats:italic>\n                      injection (SII) can regulate the polarization of macrophages and influence the development of RA remains unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cells of M0, M1, M1SII, M2, and M2SII groups were analyzed by transcriptome and untargeted metabolic sequencing. Differentially expressed mRNAs(DE\u2010mRNAs), and differential metabolites were screened. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of DE\u2010mRNAs and differential metabolites was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We first screened 3836 DE\u2010mRNAs and 100 metabolites in the M0 and M1 groups. A total of 4588 DE\u2010mRNAs and 30 metabolites were screened in the M1 and M2 groups. Besides, a total of 1529 DE\u2010mRNAs and 38 metabolites were screened in the M1 and M1SII groups. DE\u2010mRNAs enriched GO and KEGG entries between M0 and M1 groups showed TNF signaling pathway, ECM\u2010receptor interaction and PI3K\u2010Akt signaling pathway, etc. The pathways of differentially enriched metabolites include Tryptophan metabolism, Secondary bile acid biosynthesis, etc. DE\u2010mRNAs enriched GO and KEGG entries between M1 and M2 groups showed positive regulation of cell adhesion, JAK\u2013STAT signaling pathway, and Chemokine signaling pathways. Differential metabolites are enriched in Metabolic pathways, Bile secretion, and Tryptophan metabolism. DE\u2010mRNAs enriched GO and KEGG entries between M1 and M1 SII groups include cell adhesion molecule binding, ECM\u2010receptor interaction and PI3K\u2010Akt signaling pathway. Differential metabolite enrichment pathways include Neuroactive ligand\u2010receptor interaction and dicarboxylate metabolism, etc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Through transcriptome and untargeted metabolomics sequencing analysis, we found that the mechanism of action of SII in the treatment of RA disease may be related to the regulation of macrophages. Importantly, it was found that the TGF\u2010\u03b2 signaling pathway, PI3K\u2010Akt signaling pathway, Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism may be closely related to SII regulation of M1 macrophages for RA treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.70206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T13:12:51Z","timestamp":1744895571000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Studying of the Mechanism for\n                    <i>Saussurea involucrata<\/i>\n                    Injection in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis Through Macrophages Based on Transcriptomics and Untargeted Metabolomicsics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6829-305X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University  Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Cong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University  Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saimire","family":"Maimaitituersun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University  Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BoYang","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RongLi","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ZiYao","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University  Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhong","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(16)30173\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Erratum in: Lancet 388 no. 10055 (2016): 1984 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(16)30794\u20102.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30794-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10112857"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2022.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26429"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00792"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173090"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2021.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116474"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584\u2010022\u201000790\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2022.105346"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.10.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.696802"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154562"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"787","article-title":"Inhibition of microRNA\u201021 Decreases the Invasiveness of Fibroblast\u2010Like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis via TGF\u03b2\/Smads Signaling Pathway","volume":"19","author":"Xiong G.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075\u2010023\u201003136\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010\u2010019\u201003557\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2023.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7681"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.817572"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1756-185X.70206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T11:28:51Z","timestamp":1765366131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1756-185X.70206"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1756-185X.70206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185x.70206","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-1841","1756-185X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-1841","type":"print"},{"value":"1756-185X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70206"}}