{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T03:44:55Z","timestamp":1775619895580,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are at a higher risk of cardiovascular complications. Numerous meta\u2010analyses in adults with SLE have consistently demonstrated altered surrogate parameters of atherosclerosis (subclinical atherosclerosis). However, meta\u2010analyses assessing the impact of pediatric SLE (pSLE) on cardiovascular health are lacking. Herein, we perform a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of studies assessing subclinical atherosclerosis in pSLE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed databases were systematically searched for pertinent literature published between January 1965 and February 2024. Patients with SLE and healthy participants were included as cases and controls, respectively. Online PICO portal, Newcastle\u2013Ottawa scale, Review Manager and R software, and GRADEpro GDT tool were used for study deduplication and data extraction, study quality evaluation, data synthesis\/analysis (including meta\u2010regression), and certainty of evidence assessment, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 9 studies (out of 126 citations), including 1021 participants (528 cases and 493 controls), were included in the analysis. Carotid intima\u2013media thickness (CIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were significantly higher in cases as compared to controls [mean difference (MD) 0.04 (95% CI 0.01\u20130.08) mm,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007 and MD 0.48 (95% CI 0.02\u20130.94) m\/s,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04, respectively]. The flow\u2010mediated dilatation was similar in the two groups. Significant heterogeneity was observed for all the outcome measures. On meta\u2010regression analysis, disease duration correlated significantly with both CIMT MD and PWV MD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A \u201clow\u201d\u2010quality evidence suggests that pSLE may adversely impact vascular microanatomy and physiology. Longitudinal studies are needed to precisely quantify the cardiovascular risk in pSLE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PROSPERO (CRD42022323752).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.70217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T07:00:37Z","timestamp":1744268437000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Early Atherosclerosis in Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Pratap Kumar","family":"Patra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Patna  Bihar India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5486-4267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaqib Zaffar","family":"Banday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Government Medical College (GMC) Srinagar  Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adil","family":"Asghar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy AIIMS Patna  Bihar India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rashmi Ranjan","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics AIIMS Bhubhaneshwar  Odisha India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pakkiresh","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Patna  Bihar India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Priyanka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Patna  Bihar India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pallavi","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Patna  Bihar India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nutan","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Patna  Bihar India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shagufta","family":"Naaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology AIIMS Patna  Bihar India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahila","family":"Nisar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology GMC Baramulla  Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4838-5037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dharmagat","family":"Bhattarai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Center for Immunology &amp; Rheumatology Om Hospital and Research Center  Katmandu Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdus Sami","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Government Medical College (GMC) Srinagar  Kashmir India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3567-7209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anju","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research  Chandigarh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2012.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2012.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008086"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009122"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157340308784245775"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.974826"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24469"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.628875"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","unstructured":"\u201cPICO Portal.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.picoportal.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"G.Wells B.Shea D.O'Connell et\u00a0al. \u201cThe Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Assessing the Quality of Nonrandomised Studies in Meta\u2010Analyses.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","unstructured":"\u201cRevMan: Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis Tool for Researchers Worldwide.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.revman.cochrane.org\/info."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102288\u201014\u2010135"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","unstructured":"\u201cGRADEpro.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.gradepro.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39423"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246\u2010007\u20109131\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467\u2010012\u20102317\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529\u20100131(200006)43:6<1405::AID\u2010ANR26>3.0.CO;2\u2010V"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.25019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/IJAMH.2007.19.4.497"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467\u2010015\u20103059\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467\u2010012\u20102342\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203317692434"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046361"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009302"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq185"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2017.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.198424"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319717742544"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.10.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319717715964"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2020.01.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","first-page":"575","article-title":"Early Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Paediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"29","author":"Boros C. 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