{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T05:46:20Z","timestamp":1793339180192,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,21]],"date-time":"2025-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2503300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2503300"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFE0107600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFE0107600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2018, the Chinese Society of Endocrinology developed the \u201cChinese guideline for diagnosis and treatment of hyperuricemia and gout (2019)\u201d. Over the past 5\u2009years, clinical and experimental research has expanded our knowledge of gout, resulting in novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This update, prompted by new clinical challenges and gaps in evidence, aims to refine the 2019 guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The working group formulated clinical questions based on a nationwide questionnaire survey, and the expert panel evaluated new evidence addressing these questions from January 2019 to March 2025. The guideline development followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, adhering to internationally recognized protocols for clinical practice guideline development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The update includes 26 recommendations addressing 10 clinical questions related to urate\u2010lowering therapy (ULT) for asymptomatic hyperuricemia and reproductive populations, anti\u2010inflammatory treatments, urine alkalinization, dietary advice, and gout diagnosis in patients without a record of hyperuricemia and gout flare predictions in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia and intermittent gout. It recommends febuxostat as a first\u2010line ULT for asymptomatic hyperuricemia and using it with caution during pregnancy and lactation. ULT should be customized according to the pathophysiologic type of hyperuricemia. Chronic gout management includes maintaining serum urate levels between 180 and 300\u2009\u03bcmol\/L and prolonged glucocorticoid tapering in combination with colchicine. Alkalinization with citrate is preferred over sodium bicarbonate for patients with urine pH &lt;\u20096.0. Novel biomarkers for predicting gout flares are proposed for high\u2010risk populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These updated guidelines incorporate expert consensus and evidence to provide refined strategies for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.70375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T06:11:08Z","timestamp":1753164668000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["2024 Update of Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperuricemia and Gout Part I: Recommendations for General Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Mingshu","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University  Xiamen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaohui","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Can","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Metabolism the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat\u2010sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou 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