{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T13:18:55Z","timestamp":1788787135341,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In response to the increasing global prevalence of gout, there is a concerning shift towards a younger demographic, with China at the forefront of this trend. Hyperuricemia, a central factor in the pathogenesis of gout, is becoming increasingly common among adolescents, particularly males, and is associated with various health risks, including joint pain, CKD, metabolic disorders, and premature death. Despite the seriousness of this issue, there is a lack of specific guidelines addressing adolescent and hyperuricemia gout management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The working comprising 26 clinician pediatricians, rheumatologists, and endocrinologists, all experienced in the clinical presentation and management of gout and hyperuricemia, was convened to develop a consensus. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE published from 1 January 1960 to 31 May 2024. Two rounds of Delphi surveys for each recommendation were conducted among all group members via electronic questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescent\u2010onset gout is characterized by a pronounced genetic predisposition and distinct environmental influences, with a significant number of cases reporting a positive family history. We issued three consensus statements with five recommendations including the criteria, the urate\u2010lowering treatment, and flare therapy principles for hyperuricemia and gout in adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This consensus statement comprehensively delves into the critical clinical challenges associated with gout and hyperuricemia in the adolescent population, emphasizing the pressing requirement for improved detection and management strategies to support a demographic that may be underserved by the healthcare system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.70378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T12:50:30Z","timestamp":1753188630000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Clinical Practice Consensus Statement 2025: Management of Hyperuricemia and Gout in Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Changgui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University  Xiamen Fujian China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2886-8285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University  Xiamen Fujian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaohui","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benli","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University  Dalian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University  Jining China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine &amp; Liangzhu Laboratory Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen &amp; Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifeng","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Municipal Bao'an District Hospital  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naijun","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Center for Children's Health Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunxiu","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Non\u2010Communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiyu","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Non\u2010Communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingshu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University  Xiamen Fujian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases and Gout The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University  Xiamen Fujian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sino Japanese Friendship Hospital of Jilin University  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaolong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Evidence\u2010Based Evaluation and Guidelines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU017), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University  Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiao\u2010Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy Immunology and Rheumatology, Cheng\u2010Hsin General Hospital National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Taibei Taiwan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Non\u2010Communicable Disease Management, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/762820"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-020-02379-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2020.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00569-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-019-04357-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2022.2083670"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.131240"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2011.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-013-2808-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2015.06.015"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"2308","article-title":"Juvenile Gout in Taiwan Associated With Family History and Overweight","volume":"34","author":"Chen S. Y.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Rheumatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-019-1860-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-221762"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3283432d35"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2024.152405"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42969"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206191"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041935"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11061336"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2022.105435"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.1302"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39254"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.8.924"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","first-page":"282","article-title":"Comparative Dietary Effectiveness of a Modified Government\u2010Recommended Diet With Avoidance of Ultra\u2010Processed Foods on Weight and Metabolic Management in Children and Adolescents: An Open\u2010Label, Randomized Study","volume":"31","author":"Chen F.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020405"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2012.36"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-03051-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.112.196980"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2010.495348"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-018-0442-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.cd012537.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-2070"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/berh.2002.0234"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.170137"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.130466"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021494"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-021-2155-0"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1756-185x.70378","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1756-185x.70378","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1756-185x.70378","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T10:12:41Z","timestamp":1782123161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1756-185x.70378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1756-185x.70378"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1756-185x.70378","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-1841","1756-185X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-1841","type":"print"},{"value":"1756-185X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-14","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70378"}}