{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T07:39:28Z","timestamp":1792481968557,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFC2702001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2702001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFC2702005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2702005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms (CYP2B6, CYP2C19, GSTP1) and haplotypes of cyclophosphamide (CTX)\u2010metabolizing enzymes with therapeutic efficacy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in pediatric patients with lupus nephritis (LN).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 46 childhood\u2010onset LN patients treated with CTX pulse therapy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2B6, CYP2C19, and GSTP1 were analyzed using blood samples. Patients were stratified into effective (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200938) versus ineffective (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20098) groups based on 3\u2010month clinical outcomes, and adverse reaction (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200913) versus control (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200933) groups. Genotype\/allele frequencies and haplotype distributions were compared using\n \u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n tests, Hardy\u2013Weinberg equilibrium, and PHASE 2.1 software.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Mutations in CYP2C19 (rs4244285) and GSTP1 (rs1695) were associated with reduced therapeutic efficacy (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05). No significant differences in genotype\/allele frequencies were observed between adverse reaction and control groups (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009>\u20090.05). Haplotype distribution frequencies showed no association with ADRs and efficacy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n CYP2C19 \u00d7\u20092 and GSTP1 polymorphisms may reduce CTX efficacy in pediatric LN patients. Genetic variations showed no correlation with ADRs. These findings highlight the potential of pharmacogenetic testing to guide CTX therapy, though larger prospective studies are needed for validation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Clinical Trial Number<\/jats:title>\n Not applicable.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.70561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T12:26:13Z","timestamp":1775651173000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the Correlation Between Genotypes of Drug\u2010Metabolizing Enzymes and the Therapeutic Efficacy and Adverse Reactions of Cyclophosphamide in Childhood\u2010Onset Lupus Nephritis: A Chinese Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Qijiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Changyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma","family":"Mingsheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhong","family":"Linqing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Yanqing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3860-573X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 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