{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T15:47:56Z","timestamp":1790178476059,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly recognized for enhancing efficiency in healthcare services, its role in exercise and rehabilitation strategies remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the quality, reliability, accuracy, and readability of three large language models (LLMs), ChatGPT\u20105, DeepSeek\u2010R1, and Gemini 2.5, in response to questions commonly asked by patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) regarding exercise and rehabilitation strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a cross\u2010sectional comparative design, a structured assessment framework was developed that included exercise\u2010 and rehabilitation\u2010related questions grouped into five thematic domains between 22 and 29 September 2025: exercise and physical activity (S1), hand function (S2), joint protection techniques (S3), breathing and pulmonary health (S4), and general topics (S5). Information quality was evaluated with the modified DISCERN tool, while content reliability was evaluated with the Reliability Score, and accuracy was measured using a five\u2010point likert Accuracy Scale. Readability was determined through the Flesch Reading Ease scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>DeepSeek\u2010R1 and ChatGPT\u20105 achieved significantly higher scores for quality, reliability, accuracy, and readability compared with Gemini 2.5. In the S1 and S2 subgroups, both models consistently outperformed Gemini 2.5 across all evaluation metrics. Mean readability scores were 50.20 for DeepSeek\u2010R1, 46.66 for ChatGPT\u20105, and 37.33 for Gemini 2.5, indicating that all responses were classified as difficult to read.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlighted that DeepSeek\u2010R1 and ChatGPT\u20105 generated more accurate and reliable RA\u2010related responses than Gemini 2.5; however, the complex language used by all models may limit accessibility for patients with low health literacy, underscoring the need for professional supervision in RA exercise planning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.70676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T12:36:02Z","timestamp":1777984562000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluating AI\u2010Based Chatbots for Exercise and Rehabilitation Strategies in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Quality, Reliability Accuracy and Readability Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4367-2355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasemin","family":"Mirza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Necmettin Erbakan University  Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5628-698X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fulden","family":"Sari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Bingol University  Bing\u00f6l 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