{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T11:19:27Z","timestamp":1787570367317,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J of Rheum Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) causes pain and functional limitation. Electroacupuncture (EA) and warm acupuncture (WA) are widely used, but the comparative effectiveness of their combined use remains unclear. This study compared usual care, EA plus usual care, WA plus usual care, and combined EA\u2009+\u2009WA plus usual care for KOA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this retrospective cohort, 351 patients with symptomatic KOA were analyzed: usual care (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200973), EA plus usual care (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200973), WA plus usual care (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200987), and EA\u2009+\u2009WA plus usual care (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009118). Acupuncture\u2010treated patients received five sessions weekly for 4\u2009weeks. Outcomes included pain, knee function, physical performance, quantitative sensory testing, surface electromyograph, serum inflammatory, oxidative, and cartilage\u2010related biomarkers, and safety. Adjusted models, logistic regression, and correlation analyses were used.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All groups improved, with the greatest benefits observed in the EA\u2009+\u2009WA group. At week 4, EA\u2009+\u2009WA showed the lowest visual analogue scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores, the highest clinical response rate, better physical performance, greater pressure pain threshold (PPT) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) improvement, greater temporal summation (TS) reduction, and more favorable exploratory inflammatory, oxidative, and cartilage\u2010related biomarker profiles. After multivariable adjustment, EA\u2009+\u2009WA was associated with more favorable week\u20104 outcomes than usual care, EA, or WA. No serious adverse events occurred, although minor local or thermal events were more common in acupuncture\u2010treated groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EA\u2009+\u2009WA plus usual care was associated with greater multidomain improvement and acceptable tolerability in KOA. Prospective randomized, sham\u2010controlled studies are needed to confirm effectiveness, durability, safety, and potential mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185x.70801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T04:36:28Z","timestamp":1785472588000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Outcomes of Electroacupuncture, Warm Acupuncture, and Their Combination in Patients Receiving Standard Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5960-0233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Care Department Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital  Chengdu City China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaming","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital  Chengdu City China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiyang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Care Department Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital  Chengdu City China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1903768"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2020.100587"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2019.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2010.0152"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325\u2010023\u201002481\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003\u20104819\u2010141\u201012\u2010200412210\u201000006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41584"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(05)66871\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/aln.0000000000000101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154388"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.1061878"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjebm\u20102023\u2010112626"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","volume-title":"Effect of Electroacupuncture on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: Bone Metabolism and Gut Microbiota","author":"Fan L. 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