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This study applied a systematic multi\u2010criteria screening approach to identify autochthonous probiotic candidates from the intestinal microbiota of healthy red tilapia (\n                    <jats:italic>Oreochromis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp.). A total of 26 culturable bacterial isolates were recovered and evaluated for antimicrobial activity against major fish pathogens (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Aeromonas hydrophila<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus iniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ), safety, tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions, adhesion\u2010related properties, enzymatic activities and environmental robustness. Only a small subset of isolates exhibited broad\u2010spectrum antimicrobial activity and satisfied subsequent safety and functional criteria. Based on integrated performance, three isolates were shortlisted for advanced evaluation, of which two were retained for molecular identification. The selected isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    PA4 (PA4) and\n                    <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. BA4P (BA4P). Both strains demonstrated tolerance to gastrointestinal stress, measurable adhesion\u2010related hydrophobicity, diverse enzymatic activities and stability under varying temperature and salinity conditions. These findings provide a robust framework for screening host\u2010associated probiotics and support the further evaluation of PA4 and BA4P as potential candidates for sustainable tilapia aquaculture.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1758-2229.70438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:51:13Z","timestamp":1792641073000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Isolation, Characterization and Molecular Identification of Putative Probiotic Bacteria From Red Tilapia Gut"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5871-6063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Remy","family":"Ntakirutimana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles et de l'Environnement (CRSNE) Universite du Burundi  Bujumbura Burundi"},{"name":"School of Industrial Fisheries Cochin University of Science and Technology  Kochi Kerala India"},{"name":"Maldives Wetlands Foundation  Mal\u00e9 City Maldives"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4750-785X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariya Jacob","family":"Ashin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Industrial Fisheries Cochin University of Science and Technology  Kochi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2004-8371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aishath Ali","family":"Farhath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maldives Wetlands Foundation  Mal\u00e9 City Maldives"},{"name":"Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences Cochin University of Science and Technology  Cochin Kerala India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8167-3594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anatole","family":"Bigirimana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles et de l'Environnement (CRSNE) Universite du Burundi  Bujumbura Burundi"},{"name":"Department of Biology Univerite du Burundi  Bujumbura Burundi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2700-8091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. 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