{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T14:10:26Z","timestamp":1781014226362,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interstitial lung disease (ILD) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a potentially life\u2010threatening adverse event. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the development of immune\u2010related adverse events (irAEs), especially ILD, was associated with treatment efficacy and to research the features and risk factors of ILD in advanced non\u2010small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between December 2015 and November 2018, 130 advanced NSCLC patients were treated with nivolumab, pembrolizumab or atezolizumab. The patients were categorized into two groups (irAEs group or non\u2010irAEs group). Subsequently, we divided the irAEs group into two groups based on the incidence of ILD (ILD group and irAEs\u2010non\u2010ILD group). Treatment efficacy and the characteristics of ILD were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 39 (30%) patients developed irAEs. ILD was observed in 16 (12%) patients. Patients with ILD had a higher objective response rate (ORR) compared with irAEs\u2010non\u2010ILD patients and non\u2010irAEs patients (63%, 43% and 22%, respectively). Median progression\u2010free survival (mPFS) was 15.9\u2009months in ILD patients, 5.4\u2009months in irAEs\u2010non\u2010ILD patients and 3.3\u2009months in non\u2010irAEs patients (log\u2010rank test, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.033). Pre\u2010existing interstitial pneumonia (IP) was an independent risk factor for ILD\u2010induced ICIs (odds ratio [OR] 14.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.16\u201399.6, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.006).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>ORR and PFS were significantly better in ILD patients than in irAEs\u2010non\u2010ILD and non\u2010irAEs patients. Pre\u2010existing history of IP was an independent risk factor for ILD\u2010induced ICIs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.13364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T12:44:26Z","timestamp":1582634666000},"page":"1052-1060","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Immune checkpoint inhibitor\u2010associated interstitial lung diseases correlate with better prognosis in patients with advanced non\u2010small\u2010cell lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7614-7138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teppei","family":"Sugano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine Nippon Medical School  Tokyo 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