{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:00:58Z","timestamp":1792425658396,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Identification of small pulmonary nodules is challenging in a limited intrathoracic field during minimally invasive video\u2010assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), and preoperative localization is required. Various techniques have been reported with some failure and complications. Here, we compare the feasibility and safety between electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopic marking and computed tomography (CT)\u2010guided percutaneous marking using indocyanine green (ICG) and iopamidol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 47 patients with small\u2010sized pulmonary nodules, scheduled to undergo video\u2010assisted thoracoscopic limited resection, were enrolled in this study. A mixture of diluted ICG and iopamidol was injected into the lung parenchyma as a marker, using CT\u2010guided percutaneous or electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopic injection techniques and the results were examined and compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 35 and 12 patients underwent preoperative marking by percutaneous injection and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopic injection, respectively, in which a marker was detected in 33\/35 (94.3%) and 12\/12 (100%) patients. No combination of these procedures was performed in any patient. All markers were successfully detected in three patients who underwent injection marking at two different lesion sites. Pneumothorax occurred in five patients (14%) in the percutaneous marking group, which was relieved in all patients without the necessity for chest tube drainage. No other complication was observed in this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopic injection techniques using indocyanine green fluorescence plus iopamidol are safe and effective, and comparable with CT\u2010guided localization. Furthermore, a bronchoscopic approach enables marking of multiple lesion areas without increasing patient risk, especially for puncture\u2010related pneumothorax.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significant findings of the study<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Either computed tomography (CT)\u2010guided percutaneous or electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopic injection techniques can be used for preoperative marking of pulmonary nodules with indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>What this study adds<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Indocyanine green (ICG) is a safe and easily detectable fluorescent marker for video\u2010assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>A bronchoscopic injection approach enables marking of multiple lesion areas without increasing the risk of pneumothorax.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.13775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T07:52:52Z","timestamp":1609833172000},"page":"468-474","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopic localization versus percutaneous <scp>CT<\/scp>\u2010guided localization for thoracoscopic resection of small pulmonary nodules"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yan\u2010Long","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shantou Central Hospital  Shantou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi\u2010Zhe","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shantou Central Hospital  Shantou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Chao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shantou Central Hospital  Shantou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shantou Central Hospital  Shantou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dai\u2010Ying","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shantou Central Hospital  Shantou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8917-8635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen\u2010Zhao","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital &amp; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3121-7643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shantou Central Hospital  Shantou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21590"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2015.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181e452b9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(95)00537-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.2.563"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-010-1502-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.07.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-018-0697-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.58.11.920"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/lungindia.lungindia_208_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2016.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2016.02.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezx114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.04.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.12.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000232394"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000355710"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/imi.0000000000000387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000014831"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.16.16272"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2014.08.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(00)00123-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2009.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2019.00047"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jovs.2017.05.06"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Near\u2010infrared fluorescence imaging in humans with Indocyanine green: A review and update","volume":"2","author":"Marshall M V","year":"2010","journal-title":"Open Surg Oncol J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.21.8.080901"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-012-0237-2"}],"container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1759-7714.13775","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1759-7714.13775","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1759-7714.13775","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T04:19:48Z","timestamp":1693714788000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1759-7714.13775"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1759-7714.13775"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1759-7714.13775","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-7706","1759-7714"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-7706","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-7714","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-11-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}