{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T17:56:39Z","timestamp":1792432599861,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of hybrid treatment involving surgical resection and percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for patients with multiple lung metastases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventeen patients (6 men, 11 women; median age, 52\u2009years; range, 16\u201378\u2009years) underwent hybrid treatment involving surgery and radiofrequency ablation to treat multiple lung metastases (median number, 4; range, 2\u201326) between May 2014 and February 2020. The primary lesions were colorectal carcinoma (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20099), uterine endometrial carcinoma (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03), osteosarcoma (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02), renal cell carcinoma (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01), glottic carcinoma (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01), and fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01). Twenty\u2010four sessions each of surgery and radiofrequency ablation were performed. Safety, disease\u2010free survival, and overall survival were evaluated. Safety was assessed according to the Clavien\u2010Dindo Classification.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A grade IVa adverse event of empyema developed in one patient (4%, 1\/24) after surgery. A grade IIIa adverse event of pneumothorax and a grade II adverse event of lung abscess occurred in four (17%, 4\/24) and one session (4%, 1\/24) after radiofrequency ablation, respectively. During the median follow up of 34\u2009months (range, 8\u201367\u2009months), 10 patients (59%, 10\/17) developed new metastases. The 5\u2010year disease\u2010free survival rate was 32%. Four or fewer lung metastases (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.008) and metastases from colorectal carcinoma (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02) were factors significantly associated with longer disease\u2010free survival. One patient (6%, 1\/17) died of tumor progression 29\u2009months after initial treatment. The 5\u2010year overall survival rate was 88%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The strategy of hybrid treatment involving surgery and radiofrequency ablation may offer good outcomes for patients with multiple lung metastases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T14:29:34Z","timestamp":1623248974000},"page":"2085-2092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Novel strategy to treat lung metastases: Hybrid therapy involving surgery and radiofrequency ablation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6701-8836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takaaki","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Aichi Cancer Center Hospital  Nagoya 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