{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T14:12:49Z","timestamp":1765807969511,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]],"date-time":"2021-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thoracic Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>C\u2010ros oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) rearrangement has been detected in patients with advanced non\u2010small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) provide a survival benefit for patients with ROS1\u2010rearranged advanced NSCLC, subsequent therapy remains limited. Small cell transformation is an important mechanism of drug resistance in epidermal growth factor receptor\u2010mutant NSCLC. However, its significance in mediating ROS1 resistance has not been determined yet. Here, we present the case of a 63\u2010year\u2010old man with ROS1\u2010rearranged advanced NSCLC who had disease progression with small cell transformation of the mediastinal lymph node after 8\u00a0months of treatment with crizotinib. More importantly, fluorescence in situ hybridization of post\u2010progression tumor biopsy demonstrated retention of ROS1 rearrangement. Tissue biopsy remains indispensable for patients who acquire resistance to ROS1 TKIs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,10]],"date-time":"2021-10-10T08:52:41Z","timestamp":1633855961000},"page":"3068-3071","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Small cell transformation in crizotinib\u2010resistant<scp>ROS1<\/scp>\u2010rearranged non\u2010small cell lung cancer with retention of<scp>ROS1<\/scp>fusion: A case report"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Chi\u2010Hao","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8470-6590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Po\u2010Lan","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6742-9835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Che\u2010Wei","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang\u2010Yao","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chien\u2010Chung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2013-0095"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1406766"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1200\/PO.17.00063","article-title":"Patterns of metastatic spread and mechanisms of resistance to Crizotinib in ROS1\u2010positive non\u2010small\u2010cell lung cancer","volume":"1","author":"Gainor JF","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCO Precis Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2019.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.642190"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.01585"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2021.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-020-0127-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)71180-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network.Non\u2010Small Cell Lung Cancer (Version 5.2021) 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